Response of oat cultivars to Fusarium infection with a view to their suitability for food use

Abstract

Oats as a source of antioxidants and complex polysaccharides are currently an important component in human nutrition. Producing healthy, safe and high-quality grain for this purpose depends upon growing oat cultivars with improved resistance to diseases caused by Fusarium spp. producing mycotoxins. Thirteen cultivars of naked (Ábel, Detvan, Izák and Avenuda) and covered (Zvolen, Auron, Atego, Flämingsstern, Kanton, Viktor, Zlaťák, Euro and Ardo) oats were inoculated with conidial suspensions of F. culmorum isolate in the field at flowering in 2006 and 2007. After harvest, reduction in thousand-kernel weight (R-TKW), reduction in panicle-kernel weight (R-PKW), and deoxynivalenol (DON) content in grain and hulls were determined. The ELISA immunochemical method was employed for the quantitative analyses of DON. Values of yield components (R-TKW; R-PKW) were 35.4% and 31.1% lower in dehulled covered oats than in naked oat cultivars. The DON accumulation was highest in hulls as compared with DON content in kernels of naked and covered oat cultivars. Accumulation of DON in dehulled covered cultivars was 34.4% lower than the average contamination in naked cultivars. When the cultivars were compared, there were positive correlations between R-TKW and R-PKW and also between DON content and R-PKW. With a view to growing oat cultivars for production of cereal foods, it was shown that dehulling of covered oat grain resulted in substantially reduced DON content.

Fusarium Mycotoxins in Two Hulless Oat and Barley Cultivars Used for Food Purposes

“…Malachová et al [ 17 ] reported higher levels of mycotoxins (DON, T2, HT2, NIV) in hulless cultivars. For oats, it has been reported that hulless oat genotypes accumulate lower amounts of DON than hulled oats [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. After dehulling, the grain of hulled oat cultivars contained less DON in their dehulled kernels than the grain of hulless oat cultivars [ 19 ], which was similarly observed for barley [ 4 ].…”

The valuable characteristics of oats genotypes and resistance to Fusarium disease

“…Кроме того, устойчивость овса к фузариозу связана с повышением содержания белка, крахмала, микроэлементов в зерне (Bjørnstad, Skinnes, 2008). Ми-котоксин дезоксиниваленол (ДОН) накапливается пре-имущественно в пленках по сравнению с зерновками, удаление которых приводит к уменьшению содержания этого микотоксина в овсе, используемом для переработки на пищевые цели (Scudamore et al, 2007;Šliková et al, 2010). Отмечается, что накопление трихотеценовых токси-нов Т2/НТ2 в зерне овса может быть значительным даже без видимых симптомов поражения растений фузариозом, что делает такое зерно невозможным в использовании на пищевые и кормовые цели (Imathiu et al, 2013).…”

Responses of Oat Grains to Fusarium poae and F. langsethiae Infections and Mycotoxin Contaminations

“…Fusarium head blight (FHB) is recognized as a major threat for oat production [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The disease is caused by different species belonging to the genus Fusarium , and leads to the accumulation of mycotoxins in grains that are toxic for humans and animals [ 4 , 5 ]. In oats from Scandinavia, the most dominant FHB-causing species is F. graminearum , producing deoxynivalenol (DON) [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Some epidemiological studies relate a significant reduction of grain weight and germination ability [ 24 , 25 ], whereas others report minimal consequences on crop yields and grain properties [ 6 , 19 ]. Moreover, the vast majority of studies aiming to describe FHB symptoms only focus on plants infected with F. gramineraum or F. culmorum [ 5 , 6 , 25 ]. As of yet, it is not known how oat grains react to the infection with FP and FL.…”