Response of Photosynthetic Organelles to Abiotic Stress: Modulation by Sulfur Metabolism

Biswal, Basanti; Raval, Mukesh Kumar; Biswal, U. C.; Joshi, Padmanabha

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-76326-0_8

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…However, this organelle is highly sensitive to stressful environments such as salinity, drought, etc. and therefore plays an important role in the monitoring of stress responses ( Biswal et al, 2008 ). The regulation of leaf stomatal conductance (g s ) is a key phenomenon in plants because it is essential for the prevention of desiccation and CO 2 acquisition ( Dodd, 2003 ; Medici et al, 2007 ; Ashraf and Harris, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Changes in Antioxidative Enzymes Protect the Photosynthetic Machinery from Salinity Induced Oxidative Damage and Confer Salt Tolerance in an Extreme Halophyte Salvadora persica L.

et al. 2016

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Salinity-induced modulations in growth, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content (RWC), lipid peroxidation, photosynthesis, photosystem II efficiency, and changes in activity of various antioxidative enzymes were studied in the halophyte Salvadora persica treated with various levels of salinity (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mM NaCl) to obtain an insight into the salt tolerance ability of this halophyte. Both fresh and dry biomass as well as leaf area (LA) declined at all levels of salinity whereas salinity caused an increase in leaf succulence. A gradual increase was observed in the Na+ content of leaf with increasing salt concentration up to 750 mM NaCl, but at higher salt concentration (1000 mM NaCl), the Na+ content surprisingly dropped down to the level of 250 mM NaCl. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the leaf remained unaffected by salinity. The photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), the transpiration rate (E), quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), photochemical quenching (qP), and electron transport rate remained unchanged at low salinity (250 to 500 mM NaCl) whereas, significant reduction in these parameters were observed at high salinity (750 to 1000 mM NaCl). The RWC% and water use efficiency (WUE) of leaf remained unaffected by salinity. The salinity had no effect on maximum quantum efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm) which indicates that PS II is not perturbed by salinity-induced oxidative damage. Analysis of the isoforms of antioxidative enzymes revealed that the leaves of S. persica have two isoforms each of Mn-SOD and Fe-SOD and one isoform of Cu-Zn SOD, three isoforms of POX, two isoforms of APX and one isoform of CAT. There was differential responses in activity and expression of different isoforms of various antioxidative enzymes. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content (a product of lipid peroxidation) of leaf remained unchanged in S. persica treated with various levels of salinity. Our results suggest that the absence of pigment degradation, the reduction of water loss, and the maintenance of WUE and protection of PSII from salinity-induced oxidative damage by the coordinated changes in antioxidative enzymes are important factors responsible for salt tolerance of S. persica.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Changes in Antioxidative Enzymes Protect the Photosynthetic Machinery from Salinity Induced Oxidative Damage and Confer Salt Tolerance in an Extreme Halophyte Salvadora persica L.

et al. 2016

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“…Sulfur is an essential macronutrient which is assimilated to cysteine [33,34], which will take part in the assembly of SDCs. When exposed to biotic and/or abiotic stress, synthesis of SDCs is induced via different signals, demonstrating their potential involvement in stress defense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present results suggest that NFS1 and NFS2 soybean genes, which encode proteins involved in sulfur assimilation and [Fe-S] cluster biosynthesis [ 16 ], are involved in response to cold stress and SA. Sulfur is an essential macronutrient which is assimilated to cysteine [ 33 , 34 ], which will take part in the assembly of SDCs. When exposed to biotic and/or abiotic stress, synthesis of SDCs is induced via different signals, demonstrating their potential involvement in stress defense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glutathione is involved in protection against oxidative damage triggered by biotic and abiotic stress in the cytosol and other cellular compartments. Synthesis of this peptide depends on sulfur assimilation and cysteine synthesis [ 21 , 33 , 34 ], as this amino acid is the substrate of cysteine desulfurase [ 14 , 40 ], a change in cysteine content may lead to a modification in its catalytic properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential expression of cysteine desulfurases in soybean

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIron-sulfur [Fe-S] clusters are prosthetic groups required to sustain fundamental life processes including electron transfer, metabolic reactions, sensing, signaling, gene regulation and stabilization of protein structures. In plants, the biogenesis of Fe-S protein is compartmentalized and adapted to specific needs of the cell. Many environmental factors affect plant development and limit productivity and geographical distribution. The impact of these limiting factors is particularly relevant for major crops, such as soybean, which has worldwide economic importance.ResultsHere we analyze the transcriptional profile of the soybean cysteine desulfurases NFS1, NFS2 and ISD11 genes, involved in the biogenesis of [Fe-S] clusters, by quantitative RT-PCR. NFS1, ISD11 and NFS2 encoding two mitochondrial and one plastid located proteins, respectively, are duplicated and showed distinct transcript levels considering tissue and stress response. NFS1 and ISD11 are highly expressed in roots, whereas NFS2 showed no differential expression in tissues. Cold-treated plants showed a decrease in NFS2 and ISD11 transcript levels in roots, and an increased expression of NFS1 and ISD11 genes in leaves. Plants treated with salicylic acid exhibited increased NFS1 transcript levels in roots but lower levels in leaves. In silico analysis of promoter regions indicated the presence of different cis-elements in cysteine desulfurase genes, in good agreement with differential expression of each locus. Our data also showed that increasing of transcript levels of mitochondrial genes, NFS1/ISD11, are associated with higher activities of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, two cytosolic Fe-S proteins.ConclusionsOur results suggest a relationship between gene expression pattern, biochemical effects, and transcription factor binding sites in promoter regions of cysteine desulfurase genes. Moreover, data show proportionality between NFS1 and ISD11 genes expression.

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“…Sobhanian et al (2010) reviewed the effects of salt stress on several plants, including rice, soybean, wheat, potato and Aleuropus lagopoides and stated that reducing photosynthesis was a common response among them. Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts which are highly sensitive to salinity and hormonal changes (Biswal et al 2008 andSaravanavel et al, 2011). Thus, protein analysis of stressed chloroplasts is important to understand the mechanism of tolerance (Rodziewicz et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential ُExpression of RuBisCO large Subunit and its Assembly in Intact Chloroplasts of Pisum sativum L. Treated with NaCl and Jasmonic Acid

et al. 2017

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THIS STUDY aimed to detect the effect of stress conditions imposed by different treatments of NaCl and jasmonic acid (JA) on the expression pattern and assembly of RuBisCO large subunit (RbcL) and RuBisCO enzyme complex using SDS-PAGE and HDN-PAGE techniques, respectively. Both Total Soluble Proteins (TSPs) and Chloroplast Proteins (ChPs) were variably affected by each treatment. Notably, a unique protein band was detected in the seedlings treated with 150 mM NaCl for 5 days. Surprisingly, this band was not detected under any other salt treatment. Using nano HPLC-ESI-MS/MS MALDI-TOF protein sequencing, this band was identified as downshifted RbcL at approximately 50 kDa in addition to the original one was separated at approximately 55 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The expression of RbcL protein decreased in a dose dependent manner in the plants treated with JA for one and five days. All treatments did not affect the RuBisCO complex assembly at approximately 660 kDa, but triggered stress-induced ChPs at approximately 440 kDa and 1 MDa concomitant with NaCl treatments. RbcL band isolated from intact chloroplast was associated with Coupling Factor (CF1) beta subunit of ATP synthase as revealed by MALDI-TOF protein sequencing analysis. Possible interpretations of these findings have been further discussed in this study.

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Response of Photosynthetic Organelles to Abiotic Stress: Modulation by Sulfur Metabolism

Cited by 19 publications

References 100 publications

Coordinated Changes in Antioxidative Enzymes Protect the Photosynthetic Machinery from Salinity Induced Oxidative Damage and Confer Salt Tolerance in an Extreme Halophyte Salvadora persica L.

Coordinated Changes in Antioxidative Enzymes Protect the Photosynthetic Machinery from Salinity Induced Oxidative Damage and Confer Salt Tolerance in an Extreme Halophyte Salvadora persica L.

Differential expression of cysteine desulfurases in soybean

Differential ُExpression of RuBisCO large Subunit and its Assembly in Intact Chloroplasts of Pisum sativum L. Treated with NaCl and Jasmonic Acid

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