Response of Plant Yield and Leaf Ion Contents to Salinity in Grafted Tomato Plants

Santa-Cruz, Ana; Martinez-Rodriguez, María M.; Bolarín, Maria C.; Cuartero, J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2001.559.62

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Exposure of tomato cultivars Fanny and Goldmar grafted on tomato hybrid AR-9704 to high NaCl concentrations (up to 75 mM) resulted in lower Cl – and Na concentrations in the leaves as compared with non-grafted plants ( Fernandez-Garcia et al , 2002 , 2004 ). Santa-Cruz et al (2001) also found an increase in fruit yield when a salt-sensitive tomato cultivar was grafted on a tolerant rootstock and irrigated with water containing 50 mM NaCl as compared with self-grafted plants. Here as well, the concentrations of Na and Cl – in the leaves of the plants grafted on the tolerant rootstock were lower than in the self-grafted plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Sodium and chloride exclusion and retention by non-grafted and grafted melon and Cucurbita plants

Edelstein

Plaut

Ben‐Hur

2010

Journal of Experimental Botany

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The effects of grafting on Na and Cl– uptake and distribution in plant tissues were quantified in a greenhouse experiment using six combinations of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Arava) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne×Cucurbita moschata Duchesne cv. TZ-148): non-grafted, self-grafted, melons grafted on pumpkins, and pumpkins grafted on melons. Total Na concentration in shoots of plants with pumpkin or melon rootstocks was <60 mmol kg−1 and >400 mmol kg−1, respectively, regardless of the scion. In contrast, shoot Cl– concentrations were quite similar among the different scion–rootstock combinations. Na concentrations in exudates from cut stems of plants with a pumpkin rootstock were very low (<0.18 mM), whereas those in the exudates of plants with melon rootstocks ranged from 4.7 mM to 6.2 mM, and were quite similar to the Na concentration in the irrigation water. Root Na concentrations averaged 11.7 times those in the shoots of plants with pumpkin rootstocks, while in plants with melon rootstocks, values were similar. Two mechanisms could explain the decrease in shoot Na concentrations in plants with pumpkin rootstocks: (i) Na exclusion by the pumpkin roots; and (ii) Na retention and accumulation within the pumpkin rootstock. Quantitative analysis indicated that the pumpkin roots excluded ∼74% of available Na, while there was nearly no Na exclusion by melon roots. Na retention by the pumpkin rootstocks decreased its amount in the shoot by an average 46.9% compared with uniform Na distribution throughout the plant. In contrast, no retention of Na could be found in plants grafted on melons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Sodium and chloride exclusion and retention by non-grafted and grafted melon and Cucurbita plants

Edelstein

Plaut

Ben‐Hur

2010

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…Most published salinity and grafting experiments were conducted solely with NaCl as the salinizing salt 3,8,9 . Penella et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Grafting, Salinity and Irrigation Water Composition on Eggplant Fruit Yield and Ion Relations

Semiz

Suarez

2019

Sci Rep

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Scarcity of fresh water in arid and semi-arid regions means that we must use more saline waters for irrigation and develop tools to improve crop salt tolerance. The objectives of our study were to (1) Evaluate fruit production, salt tolerance and ion composition of eggplant cv Angela, both nongrafted and when grafted on tomato cv Maxifort rootstock and (2) Evaluate eggplant specific toxicity effect of Cl− and Na+ ions under saline conditions. We salinized the irrigation water with either a Na+-Ca2+- Cl− composition typical of coastal Mediterranean ground waters as well as a mixed Na+-Ca2+-SO42− Cl− type water, a composition more typical of interior continental basin ground. For each water type we evaluated 5 different salinity (osmotic) levels of –0.003 (control), –0.15, –0.30, –0.45 and –0.60 MPa. There were no statistically significant differences in the fruit yield relative to the water type, indicating that Cl− ion toxicity is not a major factor in eggplant yield associated with salinity. This conclusion was confirmed by the determination that leaf Cl content was not correlated with relative yield. The electrical conductivity of the saturation extract (ECe) at which yield is predicted to be reduced by 50% was 4.6 dS m−1 for the grafted plants vs. 1.33 dS m−1 for the nongrafted plants. The relative yield was very well correlated to leaf Na concentrations regardless of grafting status, indicating that Na is the toxic ion responsible for eggplant yield loss under saline conditions. The increased salt tolerance of cv Angela eggplant when grafted onto tomato Maxifort rootstock is attributed to a reduced Na uptake and increased Ca and K uptake with Maxifort rootstock.

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“…The other scion, 'Charlotte', gave the maximum yield with rootstock 'Prospero' under saline conditions. The performance of salt sensitive cultivar 'Moneymaker' improved in terms of both plant growth and fruit yield under salt stress (50 mM NaCl), when it was grafted onto the salt tolerant rootstock 'Pera' [45]. Santa-Cruz et al [46] reported that the 'UC-82B'/'Kyndia' (scion/rootstock) combination showed a tolerance response to excess salt (100 mM NaCl) by producing higher shoot growth and fruit yield than the rest of the other graft combinations.…”

Section: Growth and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting Tomato as a Tool to Improve Salt Tolerance

Singh

Kumar

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Salinity in soil or water is a serious threat to global agriculture; the expected acreage affected by salinity is about 20% of the global irrigated lands. Improving salt tolerance of plants through breeding is a complex undertaking due to the number of traits involved. Grafting, a surgical mean of joining a scion and rootstock of two different genotypes with the desired traits, offers an alternative to breeding and biotechnological approaches to salt tolerance. Grafting can also be used to circumvent other biotic and abiotic stresses. Increasing salinity tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopresicum L.), a highly nutritious and economical vegetable, will have greater impact on the vegetable industry, especially in (semi) arid regions where salinity in soil and water are more prevalent. Besides, plants also experience salt stress when water in hydroponic system is recycled for tomato production. Grafting high yielding but salt-susceptible tomato cultivars onto salt-resistant/tolerant rootstocks is a sustainable strategy to overcome saline stress. Selection of salt-tolerant rootstocks though screening of available commercial and wild relatives of tomato under salt stress conditions is a pre-requisite for grafting. The positive response of grafting exerted by tolerant rootstocks or scion-rootstock interactions on yield and fruit characteristics of tomato under saline conditions is attributed to several physiological and biochemical changes. In this review, the importance of tomato grafting, strategies to select appropriate rootstocks, scion-rootstock interaction for growth, yield and quality characteristics, as well as the tolerance mechanisms that (grafted) plants deploy to circumvent or minimize the effects of salt stress in root zones are discussed. The future challenges of grafting tomato are also highlighted.

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Response of Plant Yield and Leaf Ion Contents to Salinity in Grafted Tomato Plants

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Sodium and chloride exclusion and retention by non-grafted and grafted melon and Cucurbita plants

Sodium and chloride exclusion and retention by non-grafted and grafted melon and Cucurbita plants

Impact of Grafting, Salinity and Irrigation Water Composition on Eggplant Fruit Yield and Ion Relations

Grafting Tomato as a Tool to Improve Salt Tolerance

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