Response of soil physical properties to tillage and residue management on two soils in a cool temperate environment

Singh, Balwant; Malhi, S. S.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2004.12.005

Cited by 118 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Shortly before tillage (sampling date 1), the mean penetration resistance at the three depths studied was higher than the 3.2 MPa limit in treatments T1 (3.34 MPa) and T2 (3.25 MPa) but not in T3 (3.13 MPa). Our results were not consistent with those of other studies that have reported greater soil penetration with no-tillage and reduced tillage compared with conventional tillage (Carter et al, 2002;Singh & Malhi, 2006). However, other authors have not observed differences between tillage systems (Kirkegaard et al, 1994).…”

Section: Soil Penetration Resistancecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Reduced tillage for tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in East Cuba. Soil physical properties and crop yield

Olivet

Sánchez-Girón

Hernanz

2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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The area devoted to growing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in the province of Granma, Cuba, accounted for nearly 2600 ha in the year 1997, which represented the 4% of the total tobacco plantation area on the island in that year. Tobacco is tillage-intensive since traditional production systems entail seven or eight cultivation operations before transplanting. The objective of this study was to evaluate two alternative tillage systems in comparison with conventional tillage for tobacco production with the aim to improve soil conditions, reduce the number of tillage operations for soil preparation for transplanting, and increase yields. The treatments studied were: (T1) conventional or traditional tillage, (T2) reduced tillage with a multi-tiller plough, and (T3) reduced tillage with a chisel plough. T1 consisted in disc ploughing twice and disc harrowing twice for primary tillage, while before transplanting plots were ploughed twice with a horse-drawn mouldboard plough and harrowed twice with a horse-drawn spike-tooth harrow. In T2 primary tillage was accomplished with two passes with the multi-tiller followed by disc harrowing twice before transplanting. In T3 chisel ploughing was substituted for multi-tiller ploughing. The two reduced tillage systems improved the physical conditions of the soil, which resulted in: lower bulk density, with average values across the 0-30 cm soil profile of 1.48, 1.34 and 1.30 Mg m-3 in T1, T2 and T3, respectively, at the end of the growing season; higher soil water content in the soil profile in all four sampling dates per season; greater porosity; and lower resistance to penetration with values of 2.48, 2.15 and 1.71 MPa in T1, T2 and T3, respectively, before crop harvesting. Tillage system T3 provided the highest crop yields (2.26 Mg ha-1) compared with T2 (2.14 Mg ha-1) and T1 (1.95 Mg ha-1), for the plants grown on T3 plots had the largest number of leaves. The size of the leaves was similar in all three systems, however.

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Section: Soil Penetration Resistancecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Reduced tillage for tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in East Cuba. Soil physical properties and crop yield

Olivet

Sánchez-Girón

Hernanz

2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Soil PR values exceeding 2000 kPa are associated with restricted root growth (Singh and Malhi, 2006). Busscher et al (2010Busscher et al ( , 2011 showed the application of 44 Mg ha -1 of pecan shell-derived biochar (2% dwb) to decrease the PR (measured at θ =10%) of a fine loamy sand from 2.9 to 1.18 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of wood-derived biochar on the compactibility and strength of silt loam soil

Ahmed¹,

Gariépy²,

Raghavan³

2017

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Biochar is proven to enhance soil fertility and increase crop productivity. Given that the influence of biochar on soil compaction remains unclear, selected physico-mechanical properties of soil amended with wood-derived biochar were assessed. For unamended silt loam, the bulk density, maximum bulk density, optimum moisture content, plastic limit, liquid limit, and plasticity index were 1.05 Mg m -3 , 1.69 Mg m -3 , 16.55, 17.1, 29.3, and 12.2%, respectively. The penetration resistance and shear strength of the unamended silt loam compacted in the standard compaction Proctor mold and at its optimum moisture content were 1800 kPa and 850 kPa, respectively. Results from amending the silt loam with 10% particle size ranges (0.5-212 µm) led to relative decreases of 18.1, 17.75, 66.66, and 97.4% in bulk density, maximum bulk density, penetration resistance, and shear strength, respectively; a 26.8% relative increase in optimum moisture content; along with absolute increases in plastic limit, liquid limit, and plasticity index of 5.3, 13.7, and 8.4%, respectively. While the biochar-amended silt loam soil was more susceptible to compaction, however, soil mechanical impedance enhanced.

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“…Yield response of crops to N at these sites would support these statements, and therefore, the increase organic in C and N in soil, especially LFOC and LFON, was most likely due to the increase in crop yield with N fertilization, returning more organic C and/or N to the soil at higher N rates through crop residue including straw, chaff (Campbell et al, 1991;Nyborg et al, 1995;Malhi et al, 2006;Malhi & Lemke, 2007) and root mass (Lorenz, 1977;Malhi & Gill, 2002). The lower mass of soil C and N with S Rem than S Ret suggests that the practice of removing straw from fields for on-farm and industrial uses or to facilitate seeding operations may, in the long run, result in soil degradation or deterioration related to physical, chemical or biological properties, especially under CT Singh & Malhi, 2006). In the present study, the comparisons between S Rem and S Ret treatments were made only at the zero-N rate, and probably the increase in organic C and N may have been much greater if N fertilizer was used in these treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

Dyck¹,

Malhi²,

Nyborg³

et al. 2016

SAR

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Pre-seeding tillage of long-term no-till soil may alter soil quality by changing some properties, but the magnitude of change depends on soil type and climatic conditions. Effects of short-term (2 or 3 years) tillage (hereafter called reverse tillage [RT]) of land previously under long-term no-till (NT, 29 or 30 years), with straw management (straw removed [S Rem ] and straw retained [S Ret ]) and N fertilizer rate (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha -1 in S Ret , and 0 kg N ha -1 in S Rem plots) were determined in autumn 2011 on total organic C (TOC) and N (TON), light fraction organic C (LFOC) and N (LFON), and mineralizable N (N min ) in the 0-7.5, 7.5-15, or 15-20 cm soil layers at Breton (Gray Luvisol [Typic Cryoboralf] loam) and Ellerslie (Black Chernozem [Albic Argicryoll] loam), Alberta, Canada. Short-term RT following long-term NT had no significant negative effect on TOC and TON in soil at both sites, although these parameters tended to be slightly lower in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer with RT compared to NT. For the zero-N treatment, S Ret had greater TOC and TON compared to S Rem in both soil layers at both sites. On average, over both sites, TOC and TON in the 0-15 cm soil increased by 2.08 Mg C ha -1 and 0.216 Mg N ha -1 , respectively. Application of N fertilizer increased TOC and TON in both soil layers, up to the 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 7.96 Mg C ha -1 and 0.702 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil) and up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 5.11 Mg C ha -1 and 0.439 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil). In both RT and NT treatments, the effects of N rate on TOC and TON were similar for S Ret and S Rem. There was greater LFOC and LFON in the 7.5-15 cm soil layer with RT than NT at both sites. In the 0-15 cm soil layer, averaged over both sites, RT increased LFOC by 66 kg C ha -1 and LFON by 4.0 kg N ha -1 . In both 0-7.5 and 7.5-15 cm soil layers, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem. Averaged over both sites, the increase in LFOC and LFON in the 0-15 cm soil was 97 kg C ha -1 and 3.5 kg N ha -1 , respectively. Mass of LFOC and LFON increased dramatically in both soil layers with application of N fertilizer up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at both sites, with an average increase of 866 kg C ha -1 and 45.5 kg N ha -1 . In the zero-N treatment, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem under RT at Breton and under NT at Ellerslie. On average, tillage had no effect on N min in soil, but S Ret increased N min in soil in both RT and NT, with an average increase of 4.8 kg N ha -1 . Application of N fertilizer increased N min in the 0-20 cm soil up to 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 13.7 kg N ha -1) and up to 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 18.6 kg N ha -1 ). In conclusion, RT had no effect on TOC, TON and N min in soil, but LFOC and LFON increased with RT compared to NT in the 7.5-15 cm layer at one site. S Ret and N fertilization usually had dramatic positive effects on TOC, TON, LFOC, LFON and N min in soil compared to the corresponding treatments.

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Response of soil physical properties to tillage and residue management on two soils in a cool temperate environment

Cited by 118 publications

References 22 publications

Reduced tillage for tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in East Cuba. Soil physical properties and crop yield

Reduced tillage for tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in East Cuba. Soil physical properties and crop yield

Influence of wood-derived biochar on the compactibility and strength of silt loam soil

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

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