Response of Strawberry CV. Festival to Culture Media and Foliar Application of Nano and Normal Micronutrients

Abstract

The study was done in a greenhouse at the department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar for the growing season 2019-2020. It was designed to study the effect of the agricultural media and spraying with nano and normal zinc and iron on the traits of flowers and yield of Strawberry (CV. Festival) under the protective environment conditions. Three agricultural media were used for the first factor included: (River soil and Peat moss 3:1), (River soil and “50% Coantail + 50% Alfalfa” 3:1) and (River soil and poultry waste 3:1), presented with symbols (M1, M2, M3), respectively. The second factor consisted of spraying with zinc and iron nano and normal with the following concentrations (normal-Zn 50 mg L-1, nano-Zn 10 and 20 mg L-1, normal-Iron 150 mg L-1, and nano-iron 20 and 40 mg L-1) in addition to the control treatment (distilled water), mentioned as (S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6), respectively. The results revealed that planting Strawberry in different media had a significant effect on flower traits and yield especially the media culture (M3) which presented the best results for the traits (number of flowers, percentage of flowers set, number of fruits, weight, length and diameter of fruit, and yield), which reached (34.4 flower plant-1, 77.5%, 28.4 fruit plant-1, 21.50 g, 4.28 cm, 3.37 cm and 628.1 g plant-1). On the other hand, the media culture (M3) caused a reduction in the percentage of the fruits malformation to a minimum value of (14.9%). Spraying with nano-zinc and iron and normal zinc and iron achieved significant effect, especially (S5), that gave the highest values for the traits ( number of flowers, percentage of flowers set, number of fruits, weight, length and diameter of fruit, and yield) which were (32.8 flower plant-1,76.5%, 25.6 fruit plant-1, 21.12 g, 4.20 cm, 3.42 cm, and 554.4 g plant-1) respectively. On the other hand, (S5) concentration caused a reduction in the percentage of the fruits malformation to a minimum value of (14.2%). The interaction between the two factors of the study in all of the responses studied. The treatment interaction (M3S5) gave the best results for traits (number of flowers, percentage of flowers set, percentage of the fruits malformation, number of fruits, weight and length of fruit, and yield), which reached (42.0 flower plant-1, 83.4%, 11.8%, 31.2 fruit plant-1, 25.58 g, 4.72 cm and 782.4 g plant-1), respectively. On the other hand, the treatment interaction (M2S4) showed the highest value of fruit diameter (3.84 cm).

Leaf Nutrient Status of Commercially Grown Strawberries in Latvia, 2014–2022: A Possible Yield-Limiting Factor

“…In addition, Zn is important in disease resistance and healthy plant growth [ 28 ]. Various studies suggested that the foliar application of Zn should be included in strawberry cultivation for enhanced plant growth and yield [ 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

The Role of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Spraying with some Elements on some Vegetative and Yield Characteristics of Strawberry Cv. Albion

“…The results of Table (5) showed that there were significant differences in the weight of the fruit as a result of the addition of organic fertilizer in treatment M1, which was significantly superior to the other two treatments by recording the highest weight of 41.47, while treatment M0 recorded the lowest weight of 20.62. As for the combination of fertilizers, treatment T3 gave the highest weight of 34.71, while treatment T4 recorded the lowest weight.…”

“…The fruits of Strawberry are characterized by a high nutritional and therapeutic value, due to the nutrients they contain, fibers, vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, and others [2].The yields of the fruit of the Strawberry varieties depend on the fertility of the soil and the availability of water during the growing season, so in order to obtain a high yield of good quality fruits, the nutrients must be provided in a ready manner and in sufficient quantities to feed the plant [3]. Choosing the appropriate medium for growing plants has a significant impact on increasing their growth and productivity, through its effect on improving the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, as it works to increase soil aeration, regulate its temperature, retain water and increase the activity of beneficial microorganisms inside the soil [4,5].Organic agriculture is an agricultural system that aims to research the natural ability of soil, plants and animals as a basis for producing food with good qualities and high health value, which contributes to preserving the environment by limiting the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators, as well as genetic changes using genetic engineering [6]. The addition of plant and animal organic manure improves and increases the characteristics of vegetative growth and yield by providing plants with macro and micro nutrients, increasing their readiness and their entry into building organic compounds, and improving the course of vital activities within the plant [7].…”

Response of Strawberry Saplings Cv. Albion to Spraying with Seaweed Extract, Arginine and Brassinolide

“…Hence, the pursuit of alternatives to chemical fertilizers in plant nutrition has become imperative., including plant extracts [11] and amino acids [12], as well as the use of growth regulators such as brassinolides [13], which are safer for the environment, humans and animals. Algae extracts are increasingly being used to improve plant growth, yield, and quality [14,15]. They are used to produce chemical-free crops and are considered a significant organic source, with approximately 15 million tons being used annually in agriculture.…”