“…The hydrogenation reaction of nitrophenols is an important conversion for fine chemical synthesis and environmental engineering . The nitrophenols and their derivatives are widely used in printing, dyeing, pesticide and pharmaceutical industries, etc. − With high biological activity and accumulation, they are highly toxic and carcinogenic, threatening the health of humans and animals. , As the reduction product of nitrophenols, the aminophenols are less toxic and easily degradable, and they are important fine chemical intermediates for antipyretics, analgesics, contrast agents, etc. , Therefore, the hydrogenation conversion of nitrophenols to aminophenols under mild conditions is a highly desirable approach. , As a typical model reaction of hydrogenation, the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with NaBH 4 is thermodynamically feasible in aqueous conditions at room temperature. However, it is almost impossible to proceed without a proper catalyst due to the mutual repulsion between the conjugated nitrophenol negative ion and the BH 4 – active reducing agent, which leads to a high free energy barrier. − It is important to develop efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly catalysts for the reduction of 4-NP under mild conditions.…”