In this work, we
report a nonaqueous one-step method to synthesize
polystyrene macroporous magnetic nanocomposites through high internal
phase emulsions (HIPEs) formulated with the deep eutectic solvent
(DES) composed of urea:choline chloride (U:ChCl, in a 2:1 molar ratio)
as the internal phase and co-stabilized with mixtures of Span 60 surfactant
and non-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (Fe
3
O
4
NPs). The porous structure and the magnetic and lipophilic
properties of the nanocomposite materials were easily tailored by
varying the amount of Fe
3
O
4
NPs (0, 2, 5 and
10 wt %) and the surfactant Span 60 (0, 5, 10, and 20 wt %) used in
the precursor emulsion. The resultant nanocomposite polyHIPEs exhibit
high sorption capacity toward different oils (hexane, gasoline, and
vegetable oil) due to their high porosity, interconnectivity, and
hydrophobic surface. It was observed that the oil sorption capacity
was improved when the amount of surfactant decreased and Fe
3
O
4
NPs increased in HIPE formulation. Therefore, polyHIPE
formulated with 5 and 10 wt % Span 60 and Fe
3
O
4
NPs, respectively, showed the highest oil sorption capacities of
4.151, 3.556, and 3.266 g g
–1
for gasoline, hexane,
and vegetable oil, respectively. In addition, the magnetic monoliths
were reused for more than ten sorption/desorption cycles without losing
their oil sorption capacity.