Response to Roustan <i>et al.</i> ‘Evaluating methods of mouse euthanasia on the oocyte quality: cervical dislocation versus isoflurane inhalation’: animal welfare concerns regarding the aversiveness of isoflurane and its inability to cause rapid death

Golledge, Huw

doi:10.1258/la.2012.012101

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…All data were analyzed using SPSS software ver. 19.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc tests and P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TNF‑α increases the expression of inflammatory factors in synovial fibroblasts by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate‑induced osteoarthritis

Xie²,

et al. 2018

Exp Ther Med

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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that often causes patients to experience joint pain and deformity. It has been demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is associated with the progression of osteoarthritis; however, to the best of our knowledge, the mechanisms by which TNF-α simulates the progression of osteoarthritis and the signaling pathway(s) it influences remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of TNF-α inhibitor in an iodoacetate-induced rat model of osteoarthritis and identify its potential mechanisms of action. Western blotting, ELISA and histological analyses were performed to assess the effects of the TNF-α inhibitor on osteoarthritis. The effects of TNF-α and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition on synovial fibroblasts isolated from rats with osteoarthritis were tested in vitro. Furthermore, the expression of various inflammatory cytokines and the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were assessed in vitro. The results indicated that the inflammatory factors TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17a and IL-8 were upregulated in synovial fibroblasts taken from rats with osteoarthritis compared with normal rats. By contrast, TNF-α inhibition downregulated IL-1β, IL-17a and IL-8 expression in synovial fibroblasts in vitro. The PI3K/AKT pathway was also upregulated in synovial fibroblasts harvested from rats with osteoarthritis compared with that in normal rats. It was demonstrated that treatment with the TNF-α inhibitor downregulated the serum and protein levels of IL-1β, IL-17a and IL-8 in rats with osteoarthritis. Furthermore, treatment with the TNF-α inhibitor also decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor and ADAMTS4 expression in synovial fibroblasts isolated from rats with osteoarthritis. Treatment with the TNF-α inhibitor also inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway in synovial fibroblasts isolated from rats with osteoarthritis. Treatment with the PI3K inhibitor ameliorated TNF-α-induced increases in IL-1β, IL-17a and IL-8 expression in synovial fibroblasts isolated from rats with osteoarthritis. Furthermore, treatment with the TNF-α inhibitor decreased inflammation, as well as joint and cartilage destruction in vivo. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that TNF-α inhibition may downregulate the expression of inflammatory factors in synovial fibroblasts, suggesting that TNF-α inhibition may be a novel method for treating osteoarthritis by downregulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All surgeries and euthanasia were performed under intravenous injection of sodium pentobarbital anesthesia (35 mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). All mice were sacrificed using isoflurane (0.5 ml) euthanasia as described previously (19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TNF‑α increases the expression of inflammatory factors in synovial fibroblasts by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate‑induced osteoarthritis

Xie²,

et al. 2018

Exp Ther Med

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“…On the basis of published aversion studies available at the time (2006), the previous Newcastle meeting recommended that inhalant anaesthetics be used to render animals unconscious before switching to CO 2 . (Because of their wide safety margins, it is time consuming to kill animals with isoflurane [ 18 ] or halothane, so a secondary method is sometimes preferred for the sake of efficiency and safety). However, subsequent aversion studies have indicated that this may not necessarily be a refinement if animals have previously been exposed to inhalant anaesthetics (see below).…”

Section: Summary Of the Meetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Good Death? Report of the Second Newcastle Meeting on Laboratory Animal Euthanasia

Hawkins

Prescott

Carbone

et al. 2016

Animals

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Simple Summary: Millions of laboratory animals are killed each year worldwide. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding what methods of killing are humane for many species and stages of development. This report summarises research findings and discussions from an international meeting of experts and stakeholders, with recommendations to inform good practice for humane killing of mice, rats and zebrafish. It provides additional guidance and perspectives for researchers designing projects that involve euthanasing animals, researchers studying aspects of humane killing, euthanasia device manufacturers, regulators, and institutional ethics or animal care and use committees that wish to review local practice.Abstract: Millions of laboratory animals are killed each year worldwide. There is an ethical, and in many countries also a legal, imperative to ensure those deaths cause minimal suffering. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding what methods of killing are humane for many species and stages of development. In 2013, an international group of researchers and stakeholders met at Newcastle University, United Kingdom to discuss the latest research and which methods could currently be considered most humane for the most commonly used laboratory species (mice, rats and zebrafish). They also discussed factors to consider when making decisions about appropriate techniques for particular species and projects, and priorities for further research. This report summarises the research findings and discussions, with recommendations to help inform good practice for humane killing.

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“…Automated carbon dioxide euthanasia systems have been validated and are commercially available (McIntyre et al, 2007). Cervical dislocation and decapitation of mice and rats less than 200 g can be rapid and humane if carried out by experienced operators, who were preferably trained on anesthetized animals, and as approved by the IACUC (Carbone et al, 2012b;Cartner et al, 2007;Golledge, 2012;Roustan et al, 2012;Leary et al, 2013). Guinea pigs may struggle excessively when exposed to carbon dioxide.…”

Section: H Euthanasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia

Flecknell

Lofgren

Dyson

et al. 2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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Response to Roustan et al. ‘Evaluating methods of mouse euthanasia on the oocyte quality: cervical dislocation versus isoflurane inhalation’: animal welfare concerns regarding the aversiveness of isoflurane and its inability to cause rapid death

Abstract: Response to Roustan et al. 'Evaluating methods of mouse euthanasia on the oocyte quality: cervical dislocation versus isoflurane inhalation': animal welfare concerns regarding the aversiveness of isoflurane and its inability to cause rapid death

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

TNF‑α increases the expression of inflammatory factors in synovial fibroblasts by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate‑induced osteoarthritis

TNF‑α increases the expression of inflammatory factors in synovial fibroblasts by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate‑induced osteoarthritis

A Good Death? Report of the Second Newcastle Meeting on Laboratory Animal Euthanasia

Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia

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