Responses of Forest Crops to Soil Compaction

Wronski, E. B.; Murphy, Glen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-88286-8.50022-2

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In a review of the effects of soil compaction on forest crops, Wronski and Murphy (1994) notes that a major disadvantage with machine traffic in thinning is that roots of living trees are damaged which causes growth losses in the forest crop. Tree roots are an important strength component in forest soils increasing soil strength considerably (Björkhem et al, 1975;Wästerlund, 1989), thus improving traffickability in the forest stand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large harvester can exceed 20 Mg and a laden large forwarder approaches 40 Mg. Soil disturbance have mainly been studied in thinning operations where small to medium sized machines have been used (Wronski and Murphy, 1994;Jansson and Wästerlund, 1999). Only a few studies have been made where medium to large forwarders (20-38 Mg) have been used for wood transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of slash reinforcement of strip roads on rutting and soil compaction on a moist fine-grained soil

Eliasson¹,

Wästerlund

2007

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of slash reinforcement of strip roads on rutting and soil compaction on a moist fine-grained soil

Eliasson¹,

Wästerlund

2007

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Numerous studies have documented changes in physical soil properties following harvesting machine traffic, such as increased soil compaction, soil displacement, rutting and soil profile disturbances (Adams & Froehlich 1984, Wronski & Murphy 1994, Rab 1996, Rohand et al 2004, Eliasson 2005, Susnjar et al 2006, Eliasson & Wasterlund 2007, Horn et al 2007, Wang et al 2007, Zenner et al 2007, Ampoorter et al 2010, 2012, Picchio et al 2012. For instance, soil compaction, in which soil pores (especially macropores) are destroyed and surface aggregates are broken down (Ampoorter et al 2010), depend on the soil texture and moisture at the time of harvest (McNabb et al 2001, Bock & Van Rees 2002, but also on the number of machines passing on a specific point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of slope on physical soil disturbance due to farm tractor forwarding in a Hyrcanian forest of northern Iran

Jourgholami¹,

Soltanpour²,

Abari³

et al. 2014

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionThe entry of forestry machineries into forest has resulted in some cases in levels of soil disturbance that may have adverse effects on forest ecosystems and subsequently on long-term tree growth (Miller & Anderson 2002, Landsberg et al. 2003, Ilstedta et al. 2004, Murphy et al. 2004. Numerous studies have documented changes in physical soil properties following harvesting machine traffic, such as increased soil compaction, soil displacement, rutting and soil profile disturbances (Adams & Froehlich 1984, Wronski & Murphy 1994, Rab 1996, Rohand et al. 2004, Eliasson 2005, Susnjar et al. 2006, Eliasson & Wasterlund 2007, Horn et al. 2007, Wang et al. 2007, Zenner et al. 2007, Ampoorter et al. 2010, 2012, Picchio et al. 2012. For instance, soil compaction, in which soil pores (especially macropores) are destroyed and surface aggregates are broken down (Ampoorter et al. 2010), depend on the soil texture and moisture at the time of harvest (McNabb et al. 2001, Bock & Van Rees 2002, but also on the number of machines passing on a specific point. Generally, soil compaction occurs in the first ten passes of a vehicle, but most of the compaction occurs in the first three trips; subsequent passes generally have little additional effect (Gayoso & Iroume 1991, Eliasson 2005, Eliasson & Wasterlund 2007, Ampoorter et al. 2010. So it would be appropriate to concentrate machine traffic on carefully designed skid trails in such a way to minimize the affected area and leave most trees undisturbed (Zenner & Berger 2008, Ampoorter et al. 2010.It is unclear, however, to what extent the slope gradient (i.e., longitudinal and transversal slope) of the skid trail and the direction of machine traffic (i.e., uphill vs. downhill) could modify the impacts of vehicle traffic on the soil. Whereas some studies have failed to document an effect of slope on bulk density following harvesting traffic (e.g., Sidle & Drlica 1981, Jamshidi et al. 2008, others have shown that soil disturbances increase with slope gradient (Ezzati et al. 2012), possibly because machines slip more and remain in a given place for a longer time on steep terrain, causing soil pulling and dragging (Gayoso & Iroume 1991). Thus, steepness may have an even stronger effect on soil disturbance than that of the soil moisture (Krag et al. 1986), but possibly less so than that of the traffic intensity (Ezzati et al. 2012).Soil disturbance is also strongly affected by the type of harvesting equipment used. Small-scale harvesting technology, such as farm tractors or better small skidder or other specific machines (such as ATV), is thought to result in lower levels of residual stand and soil damage because the equipment is typically smaller and lighter than regular skidders (Updegraff & Blinn 2000, Savelli et al. 2010, Spinelli & Magagnotti 2012. A recent study dealing with soil compaction has found that the highest relative increase in bulk density was associated with the use of bulldozers, the lowest with the use of a forwarder, a...

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“…Os efeitos da compactação do solo sobre o crescimento das espécies florestais podem ser reduzidos pelo arado e pelo "riper", com a incorporação da serapilheira e resíduos no solo e aplicação de fertilizantes, mas a escolha das medidas de recuperação a serem aplicadas depende da intensidade da compactação, da classe de solo e da espécie florestal (WRONSKI e MURPHY, 1994). Ainda, o preparo envolve operações que devem ser realizadas em condições adequadas de umidade do solo, evitando, desse modo, agravar problemas de compactação abaixo do raio de ação dos implementos utilizados (OLIVEIRA, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Modificações nos atributos físicos de solos submetidos a dois sistemas de preparo em rebrota de Eucalyptus saligna

Cavichiolo¹,

Dedecek

Gava

2005

Rev. Árvore

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RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar o efeito do revolvimento do solo das entrelinhas na produtividade de rebrota de Eucalyptus saligna, por meio das modificações em alguns atributos físicos do solo, e estabelecer qual profundidade de revolvimento apresenta maior ganho em produtividade em solos de texturas distintas, no Estado de São Paulo. Os sistemas de preparo foram: grade até 20 cm de profundidade e subsolador até 30 cm. Foram obtidas amostras indeformadas do solo nas seguintes profundidades: 0 a 10, 10 a 20 e 20 a 30 cm, em nove repetições por tratamento; nos mesmos pontos foram coletadas amostras de solo para análise da fertilidade. Os seguintes atributos físicos do solo foram determinados: densidade do solo, porosidade total e de aeração, macro e microporosidade e da planta: altura e DAP (Diâmetro à Altura do Peito). No solo de textura média não houve efeito do preparo do solo no crescimento das plantas, sendo estabelecido correlação negativa entre a porosidade de aeração, na profundidade de 10 -20 cm, e o incremento em DAP (r 2 = 0,74). Essa mesma correlação foi positiva no solo de textura argilosa (r 2 = 0,78). No solo de textura argilosa, os dois sistemas de preparo de solo apresentaram maiores incrementos em altura e DAP do que a testemunha, diferindo estatisticamente no nível de 1%, pelo teste de Tukey.Palavras-chave: Densidade, porosidade de aeração, rebrota, Eucaliptus saligna e sistemas de preparo. MONITORING SOIL PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN Eucalyptus saligna COPPICE UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS

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Responses of Forest Crops to Soil Compaction

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of slash reinforcement of strip roads on rutting and soil compaction on a moist fine-grained soil

Effects of slash reinforcement of strip roads on rutting and soil compaction on a moist fine-grained soil

Influence of slope on physical soil disturbance due to farm tractor forwarding in a Hyrcanian forest of northern Iran

Modificações nos atributos físicos de solos submetidos a dois sistemas de preparo em rebrota de Eucalyptus saligna

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