Responses of Phytochelatins and Metallothioneins in Alleviation of Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

Sharma, Resham; Bhardwaj, Renu; Handa, Neha; Gautam, Vandana; Kohli, Sukhmeen Kaur; Bali, Shagun; Kaur, Parminder; Thukral, Ashwani Kumar; Arora, Saroj; Ohri, Puja; Vig, Adarsh Pal

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803158-2.00010-2

Cited by 49 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Casparian strips restrict the movement of Pb across endodermis leaving other parts of the plant unaffected [33]. In plants metals are also sequestered in vacuoles by binding with phytochelatins (PCs) and metallothioneins (MTs) [34]. Ghnaya [35] suggested that PCs and MTs form complex with metals and mainly sequester in root cell vacuole while in translocation to xylem, organic acids such as citric acid etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

RJLBPCS

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Brassica juncea is extensively studied plant famous for its hyperaccumulation capacity to various heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni etc. However, plants within species differ in their genetic capabilities to accumulate heavy metals. In present study 10 different genotypes of B. juncea were investigated for their potential to tolerate and accumulate Lead (Pb) which is notorious for its low mobility in soil and great hazards to living beings. Screening was done at five different levels of Pb (125, 250, 500, 700, 1000 mg Pb/Kg soil). Plants were evaluated for their growth responses, Pb concentration in root and shoot and Pb accumulation per plant. Among all the tested varieties Pusa Vijay proved to be best having lowest reduction in growth and highest Pb accumulation per plant (307.9 µg/plant) and therefore considered as a suitable candidate for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

RJLBPCS

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“…Compared to plants grown in control soil, heavy metal accumulation increased phenol release in the rhizosphere soil of A. retroflexus plants, and the release of citrate was observed mainly in the case of plants grown in the most contaminated soil, compared to their corresponding controls. Plants detoxify heavy metals through a various mechanism such as induction of metallothioneins (MTC), phytochelatins (PHCHEL), and GST [ 15 , 67 , 68 ]. Here, we found a marked induction in the detoxification metabolites, i.e., chelators and phytochelatins (PCs), that are utilized in chelation and sequestration of Cd, Cu and As metals in the vacuole [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Effects on Biodiversity and Stress Responses of Plants Inhabiting Contaminated Soil in Khulais, Saudi Arabia

Alsherif

Al-Shaikh

AbdElgawad

2022

Biology

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Accumulation of heavy metals in soil is becoming an increasingly serious eco-environmental problem. Thus, investigating how plants mitigate heavy metal toxicity is necessary to reduce the associated risks. Here, we aimed to assess the bioremediation and stress defense strategies of tolerant plant species grown under complex heavy metals contamination. To this end, a field study was conducted on the vegetation cover of sites with different soil pollution levels. Forty-two plant species that belong to 38 genera and 21 families were identified. The pollution had a significant impact on plant richness in the polluted sites. Out of several screened plants, Amaranthus retroflexus L. was selected because of its high relative density (16.7) and a high frequency (100%) in the most polluted sites. The selected species showed a high biological concentration factor (BCF) and low translocation factor (TF) for Cu, As and Ni. To control the heavy metal-induced oxidative damage, A. retroflexus invested in detoxification (metallothionein and phytochelatins, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). At the organ level, oxidase damage (H2O2, lipid and protein peroxidation) was observed, particularly in the roots. To mitigate heavy metal oxidative stress, antioxidant mechanisms (e.g., tocopherols, glutathione, peroxidases, catalase, peroxide dismutase and ASC-GSH cycle) were upregulated, mainly in the roots. Overall, our results suggested the potentiality of A. retroflexus as a promising bioremediatory and stress-tolerant plant at the same time; moreover, defense and detoxification mechanisms were uncovered.

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“…A nal temporal trend can be seen in the relative increase of HSP fractions with time across acute exposure treatments. The HSP fraction includes metallothionein and phytochelating agents (Tripathi and Poluri 2021) that, like MRG, represent detoxi cation strategies used in the maintenance of metals homeostasis (Sharma et al 2016). While the relatively lower HSP proportion in algae cultured in the presence of Zn is counterintuitive to this statement, the relationship between this trend and that of MRG partitions suggests that metallothionein-based detoxi cation may temporally precede detoxi cation by metal rich granules (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcellular Accumulation and Depuration of Zinc in Periphytic Algae During Episodic and Continuous Exposures

Cadmus

Friebertshauser

Brinkman

et al. 2022

Preprint

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As the severity of extreme precipitation events increases with global climate change, so will episodic pulses of contamination into lotic systems. Periphytic algae represent bioindicator species in most freshwater systems due to their rapid accumulation of toxicants, therefore, it is vital to understand how accumulation differs across temporally variable exposure regimes. This ability to rapidly accrue contaminants additionally has implications for the trophic transfer of metals to primary consumers. While dietary toxicity has been studied in algivorous consumers, techniques used to prepare contaminated periphytic algae for consumption have not been compared. This study used a modified subcellular fractionation method to compare the partitioning of Zinc (Zn) in periphyton cultures exposed for variable durations (cultured in the presence of Zn and 15 min, 24 hr, and 48 hr exposures). Three exposure groups were additionally depurated over a period of 24 hr in order to compare retention of Zn; an important aspect of preparing diets used in dietary toxicity studies. Results not only provide evidence for increased retention by periphytic algae cultured in the presence of Zn but reveal relationships among treatments and subcellular partitioning that suggest time-dependent accumulation and detoxification. These relationships ultimately suggest that episodic exposure of periphytic algae to contaminants may pose a greater risk than that of chronic regimes. Based on these results, we additionally advocate for the culturing of periphytic algae in the presence of contamination in order to produce a more reliable diet for dietary exposure testing in algivorous organisms.

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Responses of Phytochelatins and Metallothioneins in Alleviation of Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

Cited by 49 publications

References 115 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Heavy Metal Effects on Biodiversity and Stress Responses of Plants Inhabiting Contaminated Soil in Khulais, Saudi Arabia

Subcellular Accumulation and Depuration of Zinc in Periphytic Algae During Episodic and Continuous Exposures

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