Responses of soil microbial biomass and N availability to transition strategies from conventional to organic farming systems

Tu, Cong; Louws, Frank J.; Creamer, Nancy G.; Mueller, J. P.; Brownie, Cavell; Fager, Ken; Bell, M.; Hu, Shuijin

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013

Cited by 107 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Integrated, extended crop rotations that include small grains and forage legumes have been shown to increase SOC compared to mono-or bi-crop rotations [31][32][33][34] with positive impacts being especially evident in the biologically active fractions of SOM [35][36][37]. Cover crops increase the complexity of rotations and extend the duration of photosynthetic capture in annual crop rotations, thus increasing organic C inputs to the soil and the potential for soil C sequestration-a critical process for restoring degraded soils and addressing increasing concerns regarding global climate changes.…”

Section: The Significance Of Soil Health To Agroecosystems and Soil Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

et al. 2015

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Our objective is to provide an optimistic strategy for reversing soil degradation by increasing public and private research efforts to understand the role of soil biology, particularly microbiology, on the health of our world's soils. We begin by defining soil quality/soil health (which we consider to be interchangeable terms), characterizing healthy soil resources, and relating the significance of soil health to agroecosystems and their functions. We examine how soil biology influences soil health and how biological properties and processes contribute to sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services. We continue by examining what can be done to manipulate soil biology to: (i) increase nutrient availability for production of high yielding, high quality crops; (ii) protect crops from pests, pathogens, weeds; and (iii) manage other factors limiting production, provision of ecosystem services, and resilience to stresses like droughts. Next we look to the future by asking what needs to be known about soil biology that is not currently recognized or fully understood and how these needs could be addressed using emerging research tools. We conclude, based on our perceptions of how new knowledge regarding soil biology will help make agriculture more sustainable and productive, by recommending research emphases that should receive first priority through enhanced public and private research in order to reverse the trajectory toward global soil degradation.

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Section: The Significance Of Soil Health To Agroecosystems and Soil Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

et al. 2015

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“…A conservação do meio ambiente e práticas conservacionistas têm sido levadas em consideração diante de um crescente interesse em práticas agrícolas alternativas com menor quantidade de produtos químicos sintéticos e maior dependência de processos biológicos naturais. A agricultura orgânica pode aumentar a biodiversidade do solo, aliviar preocupações ambientais e melhorar a segurança alimentar por meio da eliminação das aplicações de produtos químicos sintéticos (Tu et al, 2006). Várias técnicas têm sido utilizadas no intuito de eliminação, tanto quanto para a utilização vantajosa de adubos.…”

Section: Compostagemunclassified

Fertilización organomineral y NPK en el cultivo maíz (Zea mays L.)

Malaquias

Santos

2017

Pubvet

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RESUMO. Na atualidade é notável a evidente preocupação com nosso sistema produtivo em atender as premissas do desenvolvimento sustentável, atentando para o cumprimento dos pilares que o fundamentam sendo eles de cunho econômico, social e ambiental. Os fertilizantes organominerais são uma boa alternativa, sendo composto basicamente de uma mistura de fertilizantes minerais e orgânicos, que apresentam potencial de uso agrícola, pois tendem a ter um menor custo em relação aos fertilizantes químicos, e advém de resíduos de outros sistemas produtivos como por exemplo a cama de frango, viabilizando investimentos em seu uso e pesquisa muito por atender os ideais de conscientização crescente de uma produção, manejo e desenvolvimento rural sustentável. A utilização da matéria orgânica permite que se tenha uma racionalização do adubo mineral, promovendo um aumento da capacidade de troca catiônica (T), reduzindo perdas por lixiviação e auxiliando na liberação dos nutrientes a planta, contribuindo para elevar a produtividade. Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar parâmetros de produtividade em relação ao comportamento da utilização da adubação estritamente química e convencional contrapondo-se a adubação organomineral, visando desenvolvimento sustentável, fornecimento, solubilização e efeito residual de nutrientes no solo, reutilização de subprodutos e custos de produção.Palavras chave: Composto, desenvolvimento, fertilização, solo, sustentabilidade Organomineral fertilization and NPK in corn (Zea mays L.)ABSTRACT. At present, the obvious concern with our productive system is to attend to the premises of sustainable development, paying attention to the fulfillment of the pillars that base it being of an economic, social and environmental nature. Organomineral fertilizers are a good alternative, being basically composed of a mixture of mineral and organic fertilizers, which present potential for agricultural use, since they tend to have a lower cost in relation to chemical fertilizers, and comes from residues from other productive systems such as Such as the chicken litter, allowing investments in its use and research to meet the growing awareness of production, management and sustainable rural development. The use of organic matter allows for a rationalization of the mineral fertilizer, promoting an increase in the cation exchange capacity (T), reducing leaching losses and aiding in the release of nutrients to the plant, contributing to increase productivity. The objective of this study was to verify productivity parameters in relation to the behavior of the use of strictly chemical and conventional fertilization, as opposed to organomineral fertilization, aiming at sustainable development, supply, solubilization and residual effect of nutrients in the soil, reuse of by-products and costs of production.Keywords: Composting, development, fertility, soil, sustainability Fertilización organomineral y NPK en el cultivo maíz (Zea mays L.)

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“…During any transition period to a traditional, certified organic, or agro-ecological system, productivity is expected to be low. While this is often attributed to an adjustment in soil health to an improving microbiological community (Tu et al, 2006;Leithold et al, 2015), there is evidence to suggest that it is not just soil that assists in greater yields over time, but also applied management techniques (Martini et al, 2004).…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes

Burdock¹,

Ampt²

2018

JAS

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This paper presents a classification of agricultural production systems that we believe characterises the complex interface between agriculture and the landscapes in which they are managed. Farmers have a choice about how they will manage their land, either to exclude inherent environmental complexity or to engage with it, mindful of risks associated with their approach. Adding to this complexity is the interplay between key natural, social, human, physical and financial resources in agricultural systems, highlighting the importance of extending sustainability principles to aspects of ecology, economics and culture. Decisions about agricultural systems hinge on a balance of productive outcomes, on sensitivity to the issues of environmental complexity, on economic grounds including the access to resources, and the socio-cultural needs of the community in which the farmer participates. Further, farm managers will make a choice that both satisfies and suffices (satisfices) against production, ecological efficiencies and resilience outcomes when choosing which food production system to adopt. In this paper, these complexities are analysed against five different agricultural systems on an ecological continuum; from biologically simple industrial systems that minimise interaction with the natural environment, to ecologically complex systems that are closely engaged with their environment. Production viability is a necessary consideration to maintain farming operations but is not sufficient if operational capacity is to be achieved in the long term. This analysis finds that it is also necessary to work with ecological, economic and social complexities, satisficing against productivity, ecological efficiency and inherit system resilience. No one particular farming systems is appropriate in all cases. The farmer's choice may apply a mix of the five different agricultural systems described, allowing for the blending of these attributes in order to sustain rural landscapes.

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Responses of soil microbial biomass and N availability to transition strategies from conventional to organic farming systems

Cited by 107 publications

References 47 publications

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

Fertilización organomineral y NPK en el cultivo maíz (Zea mays L.)

The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes

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