Responses of Tropical Plants to Nutrients and Light on a Landslide in Puerto Rico

Fetcher, Ned; Haines, Bruce L.; Cordero, Roberto J.; Lodge, D. Jean; Walker, Lawrence R.; Fernández, Diego; Lawrence, William T.

doi:10.2307/2261196

Cited by 97 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Timber harvests can also diversify the local economy and help rural development (Brown et al 2008). Many other environmental co-benefits and costs of ecological engineering of unstable slopes exist (e.g., remediation of polluted soil; Perez-Esteban et al 2014, Miles et al (1984;Fetcher et al (1996) Velázquez and Gómez-Sal (2008) this issue). Therefore, a careful identification of biophysical processes and socially desirable services should accompany the choice of appropriate plant species and their management in any restoration program (Table 2, Reubens et al 2011).…”

Section: Diverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

et al. 2014

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Background Plants alter their environment in a number of ways. With correct management, plant communities can positively impact soil degradation processes such as surface erosion and shallow landslides. However, there are major gaps in our understanding of physical and ecological processes on hillslopes, and the application of research to restoration and engineering projects.Scope To identify the key issues of concern to researchers and practitioners involved in designing and implementing projects to mitigate hillslope instability, we organized a discussion during the From this discussion, ten key issues were identified, considered as the kernel of future studies concerning the impact of vegetation on slope stability and erosion processes. Each issue is described and a discussion at the end of this paper addresses how we can augment the use of ecological engineering techniques for mitigating slope instability. Conclusions We show that through fundamental and applied research in related fields (e.g., soil formation and biogeochemistry, hydrology and microbial ecology), reliable data can be obtained for use by practitioners seeking adapted solutions for a given site. Through fieldwork, accessible databases, modelling and collaborative projects, awareness and acceptance of the use of plant material in slope restoration projects should increase significantly, particularly in the civil and geotechnical communities.

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Section: Diverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

et al. 2014

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“…Estudos (Fetcher et al, 1996;Silva et al, 1997) têm indicado que o desenvolvimento característico da espécie em termos de taxa de crescimento parece ser um fator determinante de sua responsividade à fertilização, cuja rápida incorporação de fotoassimilados e conseqüente incremento na matéria seca numa fase inicial favoreceria o maior requerimento de nutrientes pelas mudas de plantas com crescimento mais agressivo. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho confirmaram tal tendência.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Crescimento Inicial De Espécies Florestais De Diferentes Grupos Sucessionais Em Resposta a Doses De Fósforo

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Neto

Muniz

et al. 1999

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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RESUMO -Objetivando avaliar a resposta de espécies florestais ao fornecimento de P, conduziu-se um ensaio sob condições de casa de vegetação, cultivando-se mudas das espécies arbóreas pioneiras (aroeira -Lithraea molleoides; aroeirinha -Schinus terebinthifolius; jacaré -Piptadenia gonoacantha; sabiá -Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia; sesbânia -Sesbania virgata), clímax exigente em luz (jatobá -Hymenaea courbaril), e clímax tolerantes a sombra (guanandi -Calophyllum brasiliensis; ipê-amarelo -Tabebuia serratifolia; óleo-bálsamo -Myroxylon peruiferum). Utilizaram-se cinco doses de P, correspondentes a 0, 100, 250, 500 e 800 mg dm -3 de P. Foram avaliados o diâmetro do caule, a altura e a matéria seca de raízes, parte aérea e total das plantas. As espécies pioneiras foram mais responsivas ao fornecimento de P, indicando a necessidade do suprimento deste nutriente para o adequado desenvolvimento destas espécies. As espécies clímax mostraram-se pouco sensíveis ao suprimento de P, refletindo um baixo requerimento na fase de mudas. Diferenças em relação à taxa de crescimento e ao tamanho das sementes podem estar ligadas ao comportamento contrastante observado para espécies pioneiras e clímax.Termos para indexação: grupos ecológicos, crescimento de mudas, adubação fosfatada. INITIAL GROWTH OF FOREST SPECIES OF DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL GROUPS IN RESPONSE TO PHOSPHORUS DOSESABSTRACT -With the aim of evaluating the responses of forest species to phosphorus supply, an assay under greenhouse conditions was carried out, where seedlings of pioneer tree species (Lithraea molleoides, Schinus terebinthifolius, Piptadenia gonoacantha, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia, Sesbania virgata), a light-demander climax species (Hymenaea courbaril), and the shade-tolerant climaxes species (Calophyllum brasiliensis, Tabebuia serratifolia, Myroxylon peruiferum) were cultivated. Five phosphorus doses were used, corresponding to 0, 100, 250, 500 and 800 mg dm -3 of P. Stem diameter, height, and root, shoot and total dry matter yield of the plants were evaluated. The pioneers species were more responsive to phosphorus furnishing, indicating the need of phosphorus supply for the adequate development of these species. The climaxes species showed to have low sensitivity to phosphorus supply, reflecting a lower requirement in the initial growth period. The differences in relation to growth rate and seed size may be connected to the contrasting behavior observed for pioneers and climaxes species.

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“…In an intertidal mangrove substrate, A max in Rhizophora mangle increased in response to alleviation of P-limitation, but not in response to alleviation of N-limitation (Lovelock et al 2006). On a denuded soil substrate following a landslide in montane forest in Puerto Rico, A max of Cecropia schreberiana (pioneer tree) increased with N addition, but Palicourea riparia (gap and understory shrub), and Manilkara bidentata (nonpioneer canopy tree) were unaffected (Fetcher et al 1996). Further examples of nutrient-driven stimulation of leaf-level physiology from pot studies or experimental common gardens include increases in A max in Cedrela odorata, Croton urucurana and Cariniana legalis in response to combined N-P-K-Ca treatments (Carswell et al 2000;de Oliveira et al 2012), an increase in A max in Ficus insipida in response to a combined N-P-K treatment (Cernusak et al 2007), and increased A max in response to N addition in one light-demanding tree species and one shade-tolerant liana species, but not in two light-demanding liana species (Cai et al 2008).…”

Section: Leaves and Roots: Nutrient Limitation Of Resourceabsorbing Omentioning

confidence: 95%

Nutrient limitation of eco-physiological processes in tropical trees

Santiago

2015

Trees

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Key Message Tropical forests play a disproportionately large role in the global climate system, yet the extent to which nutrients limit the potential for tropical trees to increase carbon gain as atmospheric carbon dioxide rises is unknown. Abstract This review focuses on what is known about tropical tree responses to experimental nutrient addition and how such information is critical for developing a more complete picture of the ability of tropical forest to respond to a changing world. Most of our knowledge of nutrient limitation of eco-physiological processes in tropical trees is derived from stand-scale nutrient addition experiments, in which physiological or growth responses signify limitation by that element. Our knowledge is further supplemented by fertilization studies of individual plants in pots. There is emerging evidence that fine root biomass decreases and maximum photosynthetic rates, water transport capacity and plant growth in tropical trees increase with nutrient addition, but the magnitude of response depends upon the successional status of the species, the size of the individual, light availability and the element in question. The sheer variation in responses of tropical trees to nutrient addition calls for a more complete evaluation across tropical environments.

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Responses of Tropical Plants to Nutrients and Light on a Landslide in Puerto Rico

Cited by 97 publications

References 32 publications

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

Crescimento Inicial De Espécies Florestais De Diferentes Grupos Sucessionais Em Resposta a Doses De Fósforo

Nutrient limitation of eco-physiological processes in tropical trees

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