Restless AMPA receptors: implications for synaptic transmission and plasticity

Lüscher, Christian; Frerking, Matthew

doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01959-7

Cited by 83 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…A large body of experimental evidence now supports this hypothesis (Lüscher et al 2000;Lüscher and Frerking 2001;Malinow and Malenka 2002;Nicoll 2003;Collingridge et al 2004;Malenka and Bear 2004). In fact, AMPARs can be quite mobile and recycle between the cytoplasm and the cell membrane even under baseline conditions within tens of minutes.…”

Section: Expression Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 88%

NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation and Long-Term Depression (LTP/LTD)

Lüscher¹,

Malenka²

2012

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

850

647

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Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of pre-and postsynaptic neurons. The early phases of expression are mediated by a redistribution of AMPA-type glutamate receptors: More receptors are added to potentiate the synapse or receptors are removed to weaken synapses. With time, structural changes become apparent, which in general require the synthesis of new proteins. The investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these forms of synaptic plasticity has received much attention, because NMDA receptor-dependent LTP and LTD may constitute cellular substrates of learning and memory.L ong-term synaptic plasticity is a generic term that applies to a long-lasting experience-dependent change in the efficacy of synaptic transmission. Here we will focus on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent synaptic potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), two forms of activity-dependent long-term changes in synaptic efficacy that have been extensively studied. Because both LTP and LTD are believed to represent cellular correlates of learning and memory, they have attracted considerable interest. In this article we will focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with LTP and LTD. As for other forms of long-term synaptic plasticity, a characterization of LTP and LTD involves describing the molecular mechanisms that are required to elicit the change (induction), followed by an investigation of the mechanism of expression (hours) and maintenance (days). The best-characterized form of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTP occurs between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus (Fig. 1). Throughout the chapter we will mostly refer to this specific form of LTP. At these CA3-CA1 Schaffer collateral synapses, the loci of both induction and expression are situated in the postsynaptic neuron. AMPA-TYPE AND NMDA-TYPE GLUTAMATE RECEPTORSAfter exocytotic release of the content of the synaptic vesicle from the presynaptic specialization (see Castillo 2012), the neurotransmitter

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Section: Expression Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 88%

NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation and Long-Term Depression (LTP/LTD)

Lüscher¹,

Malenka²

2012

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

850

647

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“…This was interpreted as evidence that AMPA receptors were inserted into the postsynaptic membrane after induction of LTP. Since then, a great deal of evidence has been accumulated indicating that AMPA receptor expression on cells is a dynamic process and is controlled by a cycle of exocytosis and endocytosis (351,372). It has also been repeatedly shown in cultured cells that this cycle is modulated by NMDA receptor activation which leads to increased recruitment of AMPA receptors and increased AMPA-mediated miniature EPSPs (324,345,565).…”

Section: Ampa Receptors and Ltpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Potentiation and Memory

Lynch

2004

Physiological Reviews

1,684

1,098

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Lynch, MA. Long-Term Potentiation and Memory. Physiol Rev 84: 87–136, 2004; 10.1152/physrev.00014.2003.—One of the most significant challenges in neuroscience is to identify the cellular and molecular processes that underlie learning and memory formation. The past decade has seen remarkable progress in understanding changes that accompany certain forms of acquisition and recall, particularly those forms which require activation of afferent pathways in the hippocampus. This progress can be attributed to a number of factors including well-characterized animal models, well-defined probes for analysis of cell signaling events and changes in gene transcription, and technology which has allowed gene knockout and overexpression in cells and animals. Of the several animal models used in identifying the changes which accompany plasticity in synaptic connections, long-term potentiation (LTP) has received most attention, and although it is not yet clear whether the changes that underlie maintenance of LTP also underlie memory consolidation, significant advances have been made in understanding cell signaling events that contribute to this form of synaptic plasticity. In this review, emphasis is focused on analysis of changes that occur after learning, especially spatial learning, and LTP and the value of assessing these changes in parallel is discussed. The effect of different stressors on spatial learning/memory and LTP is emphasized, and the review concludes with a brief analysis of the contribution of studies, in which transgenic animals were used, to the literature on memory/learning and LTP.

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“…In mammalian systems, changes in glutamate receptor expression have been proposed as a mechanism of memory formation (Lüscher and Frerking 2001;Malinow and Malenka 2002). Rose et al (2003) showed that the AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunit, GLR-1, was required for long-term habituation-glr-1 loss-of-function mutants habituated but did not retain decremented responses.…”

Section: Long-term Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

An elegant mind: Learning and memory in Caenorhabditis elegans

Ardiel¹,

Rankin²

2010

Learn. Mem.

281

191

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This article reviews the literature on learning and memory in the soil-dwelling nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Paradigms include nonassociative learning, associative learning, and imprinting, as worms have been shown to habituate to mechanical and chemical stimuli, as well as learn the smells, tastes, temperatures, and oxygen levels that predict aversive chemicals or the presence or absence of food. In each case, the neural circuit underlying the behavior has been at least partially described, and forward and reverse genetics are being used to elucidate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Several genes have been identified with no known role other than mediating behavior plasticity.Historically, it was believed that even if they were capable of learning, the nervous systems of invertebrates were too different to be instructive on human cognition. In the 1960s, Kandel and colleagues began studying learning in the marine mollusc Aplysia (Kandel and Tauc 1965). Using this system, they were able to relate behavioral plasticity to changes at specific synapses of identified neurons, and began a biochemical analysis of these neuronal changes, uncovering a role for cAMP, PKA, and CREB. In the 1970s, Benzer and colleagues began a genetic dissection of learning in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Quinn et al. 1974;Dudai et al. 1976). They established an associative learning assay (Quinn et al. 1974) and conducted a forward genetic screen, identifying the first learning mutant, dunce (Dudai et al. 1976). Since then, many genes have been cloned, and the biological basis of learning has proven to be highly conserved (Barco et al. 2006;Skoulakis and Grammenoudi 2006). Today there is no question as to the relevance of invertebrate research in the field of learning and memory.At about the same time that Kandel was beginning his work with Aplysia, Sydney Brenner chose Caenorhabditis elegans as the organism in which to study development and the nervous system (Brenner 1974). Today this transparent nematode is the world's best understood animal. It's small size ( 1 mm), short life cycle (,3 d), and ease of cultivation make it perfect for the laboratory, and its mode of reproduction is ideal for genetic analysis-selffertilizing hermaphrodites can be easily inbred or crossed with males. The genome has been mapped and sequenced, and there are thousands of mutants and RNAi constructs readily available for researchers. Furthermore, C. elegans has an invariant cell lineage and relatively simple morphology-959 cells make up the entire adult hermaphrodite (Sulston and Horvitz 1977;Sulston et al. 1983). Using serial section electron micrographs, White et al. (1986) were able to construct a neural wiring diagram of the hermaphrodite's 302 neurons. They found about 5000 chemical synapses, 600 gap junctions, and 2000 neuromuscular junctions, the location of which were fairly consistent between animals. With its invariant cell lineage and reproducible connectome, C. elegans was initially viewed as a genetically hardwired ...

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Restless AMPA receptors: implications for synaptic transmission and plasticity

Cited by 83 publications

References 67 publications

NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation and Long-Term Depression (LTP/LTD)

NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation and Long-Term Depression (LTP/LTD)

Long-Term Potentiation and Memory

An elegant mind: Learning and memory in Caenorhabditis elegans

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