Restless Legs Syndrome: Known Knowns and Known Unknowns

Antelmi, Elena; Rocchi, Lorenzo; Latorre, Anna; Belvisi, Daniele; Magrinelli, Francesca; Bhatia, Kailash P.; Tinazzi, Michèle

doi:10.3390/brainsci12010118

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Its endogenous ligand, TIP39, modulates several aspects of the stress response, in particular, the nociceptive processing (i.e., facilitating the nociceptive transmission at a supraspinal level), through what is called the neuroendocrine system ( 22 ). Accordingly, growing evidence supports the view of RLS as a derangement of sensorimotor interaction and of the gating of nociceptive information to the central nervous system ( 23 ) where high PTH levels might have an effect. PTH has been shown to modulate dopamine turnover in the rat in vivo , implicating a link between the concentration of two molecules, ( 24 ) and their possible interrelation in the pathophysiology of RLS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Leg restlessness and hyperparathyroidism in Parkinson's disease, a further clue to RLS pathogenesis?

Marano

Pozzilli²,

Magliozzi³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNon-motor manifestations are the main features of Parkinson's disease (PD). These have been associated with vitamin D abnormalities, but the role of parathormone (PTH) is still obscure. Among the non-motor symptoms of PD, the pathogenesis of restless leg syndrome (RLS) is still debated, but it has been associated with the vitamin D/PTH axis in other disease models. Our study deepens the association between vitamin D and PTH with the prevalence of non-motor symptoms of PD and explores such a relationship in patients reporting leg restlessness.MethodsFifty patients with PD were extensively investigated with motor and non-motor scales. Data on serum levels of vitamin D, PTH, and related metabolites were obtained, and patients were stratified as having vitamin D deficiency or hyperparathyroidism according to standardized criteria.ResultsOverall, 80% of patients with PD exhibited low vitamin D levels, and hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 45%. The analysis of the non-motor symptoms profile using the non-motor symptom questionnaire (NMSQ) revealed 36% of leg restlessness, a main feature of RLS. This was significantly associated with worse motor symptoms, quality of sleep, and quality of life. Moreover, it was associated with hyperparathyroidism (OR: 3.48) and with PTH levels, independent of vitamin D, calcium/phosphate levels, and motor status.ConclusionOur results suggest a significant association between the vitamin D/PTH axis and leg restlessness in PD. PTH has a putative role in nociceptive modulation, and previous evidence on hyperparathyroidism has suggested a possible interrelation with RLS. Further investigations are necessary to add PTH to the non-dopaminergic non-motor landscape of PD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Leg restlessness and hyperparathyroidism in Parkinson's disease, a further clue to RLS pathogenesis?

Marano

Pozzilli²,

Magliozzi³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pathophysiology of RLS is still unclear, and may be uremia as well as iron deficiency in its genesis. It is considered as a peripheral disease, but studies of dopamine metabolism in the brain increase the possibility for central nervous system origin, more specifically because of the organic deficit of hypothalamic dopaminergic cells, that are the source of dopamine throughout the spinal cord (Antelmi et al, 2022). The RLS is identified in two forms of primary and secondary.…”

Section: (Amrollahi Et Al 2022)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome Among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Syam

Desoky

Eldesoky

2022

Egyptian Journal of Health Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS), is one of several complications that patients on hemodialysis suffer from, it is a neurological sensory motor disorder, causing sleep disturbances, and other problems, which lead to daily functioning impairment. Progressive muscle relaxation is one of the complementary therapies that have been shown to provide benefits, including relieved restless legs syndrome, reducing patients' stress, pain and anxiety. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of progressive muscle relaxation on the severity of restless legs syndrome among patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Research design: A quasi experimental (time series) research design was utilized, included control comparison group. Setting: The research was carried out at the hemodialysis unit, Al -Moassat Alexandria University Hospital. Subjects: A purposive sample of 60 adult patients, diagnosed with end stage renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis, and suffering from restless legs syndrome were selected. They were equally divided into two groups of 30 patients. Tools of data collection: Three tools were used for data collection; Hemodialysis patients Structured Interview Schedule (tool I), International Restless Legs Syndrome Severity Rating Scale (tool II), and Restless Leg Syndrome Assessment Sheet (tool III). Results: The severity of restless legs syndrome significantly decreased in the study group, with a percent reduction of 38.89% at the 6 th session and 61.11% at the12 th session, such decrease was not found among the control group patients. In addition to, there was a percent reduction and improvement of sleep pattern, physical activities, emotional well-being and social activities among the study group patients after completion of 12 th PMR session (46.67 %, 57.78 %, 63.33 % ,55.56 % respectively). Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation technique had high statistical significant positive effects on severity of restless legs syndrome, improving sleep pattern, physical activity, emotional wellbeing and social activities. Recommendations: Progressive muscle relaxation must be implemented in the therapeutic routine management to help alleviate the severity of restless legs syndrome symptoms among patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

show abstract

“…Синдром беспокойных ног -часто встречающееся заболевание. Распространенность в общей популяции достигает 15 % [13], в западных странах популяционные исследования выявили распространенность 5-10 % [14]. В азиатских странах этот показатель ниже: от 0,1 до 8,3 %.…”

Section: общая характеристика синдрома беспокойных ногunclassified

Anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease as a risk factor for restless legs syndrome. Literature review

Zakharova

Калинкин

2022

Neuromuscular Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological, sensorimotor disorder. It is characterized by the uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations in the legs which begin or worsen during periods of rest, primarily in the evening or night, and are relieved by movement. Central iron deficiency plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of RLS. There is evidence that chronic inflammation is an additional risk factor for RLS. Anemia is the most common complication and extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease, therefore the prevalence of RLS in these patients is a problem of great interest. In addition, inflammatory bowel disease patients’ sleep disturbances directly influence the disease’s clinical course and can be the preclinical marker of exacerbation. It is essential for clinicians to be aware of RLS as a possible reason for sleep disturbance and as a factor that negatively affects the quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

show abstract

Restless Legs Syndrome: Known Knowns and Known Unknowns

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

Leg restlessness and hyperparathyroidism in Parkinson's disease, a further clue to RLS pathogenesis?

Leg restlessness and hyperparathyroidism in Parkinson's disease, a further clue to RLS pathogenesis?

Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome Among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease as a risk factor for restless legs syndrome. Literature review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About