Restriktiver Ventrikelseptumdefekt bei einem Zwergkaninchen

Abstract

A 9-week-old intact female dwarf rabbit was presented for evaluation of a heart murmur. Physical examination revealed a grade IV/VI systolic heart murmur with the maximal intensity over the right heart base. Evidence for a left-sided cardiomegaly was present on lateral and dorsoventral radiographs. An electrocardiogram was recorded in right lateral recumbency, which revealed a sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 360 beats/minute. Echocardiography showed normal dimensions for the atria and ventricles. Two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed the presence of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) with a diameter of 0.8 mm. Identification of the VSD was possible from a right (long and short axes) and a left parasternal window. Peak flow velocity of the systolic left to right shunt was 5.2 m/s. Additionally, a relative pulmonic stenosis (peak flow in the pulmonary artery of 1.02 m/s, pulsed-wave Doppler) was present. According to these findings, the VSD was classified as restrictive. At this time point, medical treatment was unnecessary. The re-examination after 7 weeks revealed unchanged morphological and haemodynamic findings. The VSD in this dwarf rabbit displayed both in the physical and echocardiographic examinations typical features as seen in dogs and cats as well as in one New Zealand white rabbit.

Ostium secundum type of atrial septal defect in a rabbit

“…In rabbits, experimentally induced cardiovascular disorders have been reported, but reports of spontaneous cardiac diseases are rare. There have been a few reports of other congenital cardiac diseases, such as ventricular septal defects, in rabbits [ 6 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 17 ]. However, to the author’s knowledge, there is no description of clinical findings of ASD in rabbits in the literature.…”