Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in high-producing Holstein cows

Shrestha, Hemanta; Nakao, Toshihiko; Higaki, Tsuneo; Suzuki, Toshihiko; Akita, Masashi

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00233-4

Cited by 86 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Cows were classified into the following groups on the basis of the characteristics of their P 4 profile (Opsomer et al, 1998;Shrestha et al, 2004;Mirzaei et al, 2007).…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Kafi

Tamadon

Saeb

et al. 2012

Animal

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This study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. A total of 75 multiparous healthy (free of detectable reproductive disorders) Holstein dairy cows (mean peak milk yield 5 56.5 6 7.0 kg/day) were used in this study. Transrectal ultrasound scanning and blood sample collection were performed twice weekly. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P 4 ) were measured twice weekly and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids, thyroxine (T 4 ), 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ), free thyroxine (fT 4 ) and free 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (fT 3 ) were measured every 2 weeks from the 1st to the 8th week postpartum. On the basis of the serum P 4 profile of the cows, 25 (33.4%) had normal luteal activity (NLA), whereas 30 (40%), 10 (13.3%), 6 (8%) and 4 (5.3%) had prolonged luteal phase (PLP), delayed first ovulation (DOV), anovulation (AOV) and short luteal phase, respectively. Serum T 4 concentrations in PLP cows were higher than that in NLA cows at the 3rd week postpartum and did not change during the period of study, whereas in the NLA cows the concentrations increased (P , 0.05). Further, the least square (LS) mean of serum fT 4 concentrations in the DOV and AOV cows were significantly lower than in the NLA cows during the study period (P , 0.05). In addition, the AOV cows had higher LS mean serum BHBA and T 4 concentrations than the NLA cows in early weeks postpartum (P , 0.05). In conclusion, the serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing PLP, AOV and DOV in comparison with the postpartum NLA cows.Keywords: thyroid hormone, energy metabolite, luteal activity, high-producing dairy cow ImplicationsThis study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. The serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing prolonged luteal phase, anovulation and delayed first ovulation in comparison with the cows with normal postpartum luteal activity. IntroductionHigh-yielding dairy cows have been selected to produce more milk, in large part through their ability to mobilize fat and muscle to support milk production in early lactation. This results in a loss of body condition score (BCS) and is associated with alterations in blood metabolites and hormone profiles, which in turn influence fertility (Pryce et al., 2001;Wathes et al., 2007). The nutritional status of cattle is communicated within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones or blood metabolites or both (Butler, 2000). Previous studies have focused on the association between negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum and delayed onset of ovarian cyclicity, and hence poor fertility (Lucy, 2003;Patton et al., 2007;Wathes et al., 2007)....

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“…Cows were classified into the following groups on the basis of the characteristics of their P 4 profile (Opsomer et al, 1998;Shrestha et al, 2004;Mirzaei et al, 2007).…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Kafi

Tamadon

Saeb

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…La emergencia de la primera onda folicular se observó en promedio al día 10.1±3.45 (rango de 4-22) post-parto, concordando con resultados previos que han reportado la aparición del primer folículo dominante, que no siempre es ovulatorio, a los 7.0±0.9 d (26) y a los 11.6±2.0 d (rango de 5-39) después del parto (17,27). En este estudio, dieciséis de los animales (39.2%) presentaron la emergencia de la primera onda de desarrollo folicular temprano (días 4 a 8), diecinueve de ellos (46.3%), entre los días 9 y 13 y finalmente seis animales (14.6%) lo hicieron entre los 14 y 22 días postparto; mostrando una distribución acorde con los resultados de otros estudios (5-6).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…El reinicio de la actividad ovárica fue determinado por la emergencia de la primera onda folicular post parto (folículos con diámetros ≥ 5 mm); los folículos dominantes fueron seguidos por ultrasonido hasta cuando presentaron atresia u ovulación. La ovulación fue definida como la desaparición del folículo preovulatorio procedente de la última onda de desarrollo folicular y la subsiguiente aparición de un cuerpo lúteo (CL) (16), así como el incremento en los niveles de progesterona (P 4 ) sérica ≥1 ng/ml (17).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…The resumption of ovarian activity was determined by the emergence of the first postpartum follicular wave (follicles with diameters ≥ 5 mm); dominant follicles were followed with ultrasound until atresia or ovulation. Ovulation was defined as the disappearance of the preovulatory follicle from the last follicular development wave and the subsequent emergence of a corpus luteum (CL) (16), as well as the increase in serum progesterone (P 4 ) levels ≥ 1 ng/ml (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for ovarian postpartum resumption in Holstein cows, under high tropical conditions

Zambrano

2014

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objective. To evaluate the factors associated with postpartum ovarian resumption and follicular dynamics in Holstein cows under high altitude conditions (2,600 masl). Materials and methods. Forty-five Holstein cows were studied between 14 days before and 120 days after calving. Uterine involution, follicular dynamics, serum progesterone and peripartum pathologies were evaluated; additionally, body condition (BC), calving type, milk yield, were also evaluated. According to hormonal and reproductive findings, cows were classified into two groups: early ovarian resumption (EOR) or delayed ovarian resumption (DOR). Results. The occurrence of the first follicular for EOR animals (n=31) was produced on average 9.58±3.45 days postpartum and was similar to the DOR group (n=10) [10.8±4.83 days; p>0.05)]. The first postpartum ovulation occurred at 21.55±5.90 days (EOR) and was significantly delayed (48.7±27.85 days) for DOR animals (p<0.05). Thirty-six point five percent of the cows (n=f) had normal estrus cycles (18 to 24 days), while 63.5% (n=26) showed dysciclia. The factors associated with ovarian resumption and cyclicity were the loss of BC [OR=3.3, CI 95% (1.2-13.3) (p<0.05)] and lameness [OR= 9.0, CI 95% (1.2-13.3) (p<0.05)]. Conclusions. Although the emergence of postpartum follicular waves was observed early, under the experimental conditions of this study there are factors that may affect the first ovulation favoring the occurrence of anovulatory conditions. The determinant factors were low body condition and lameness.Key words: Anovulation, ovarian follicle, postpartum (Source: DeCS). RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar los factores asociados con la reactivación ovárica y la dinámica folicular postparto en vacas de la raza Holstein bajo condiciones de altura (2600 msnm). Materiales y métodos. Cuarenta y cinco vacas Holstein fueron estudiadas entre 14 días preparto y 120 días posteriores al mismo. Fueron evaluadas la involución uterina, dinámica folicular, progesterona sérica y presentación de patologías en el periparto; adicionalmente la condición corporal (CC), tipo de parto y producción de leche. De acuerdo con los hallazgos reproductivos y hormonales, las vacas se agruparon en dos grupos: reactivación ovárica temprana (ROT) o retardada (ROR). Resultados. La emergencia de la primera onda folicular para animales ROT (n=31), ocurrió en promedio 9.58±3.45 días postparto y fue . Conclusiones. Aunque la emergencia de ondas foliculares postparto se presentó de manera rápida, bajo las condiciones experimentales del presente estudio, existen factores que afectan la primera ovulación favoreciendo la presentación de condiciones anovulatorias. La presentación de cojeras, y la pérdida de CC postparto fueron factores determinantes.Palabras clave: Anovulación, folículo ovárico, postparto (Fuente: DeCS).

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“…The reason for cows/ heifers having high P4 levels for an extended period could be due to a prolonged luteal phase [72]. A prolonged luteal phase is one of the common reproductive problems of dairy cows, occurring mostly from calving to 90 days postpartum [73,74].…”

Section: P4 Detection In Non-pregnant Cycling and Anestrous Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Serum, milk, saliva and urine progesterone and estradiol profiles in crossbred (Zebu x Holstein Friesian) dairy cattle

Mekonnin¹,

Howie²,

Riley³

et al. 2017

Anim Husb Dairy Vet Sci

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Effective breeding management is a crucial tool to enhance the reproductive and productive performance of dairy cattle. To achieve this, regular monitoring of their reproductive status is important. The aims of this study were to monitor the reproductive status of crossbred dairy cattle based on progesterone (P4) concentration in serum, whole milk, saliva and urine, and estradiol in serum using quantitative laboratory ELISA tests, and to document hormonal profiles at different reproductive stages. Three hundred and thirty-six (336) crossbred (Holstein Friesian x Zebu) dairy cattle (232 cows and 104 heifers) from 47 dairy farms owned by smallholder or organized commercial dairy farmers were included in the study. Matched blood, milk and saliva samples were collected twice at 11-day intervals at afternoon milking, while urine was collected just once. Serum was separated within 48 hr of blood collection. All samples were stored at -80 o C until assayed. In both cows and heifers, P4 was higher during pregnancy than in other reproductive conditions. Estradiol was higher during estrus than at other reproductive stages. Estradiol levels were significantly higher (p<0.05) in estrus cows compared with heifers. The mean level of P4 in serum strongly correlated with the value in milk (r = 0.6368, P< 0.0001), however there was no correlation in P4 concentration between serum and saliva or between P4 in serum and in urine. Hence, determination of P4 in serum and milk using an ELISA test is a reliable and precise method to monitor reproductive status in crossbred dairy cattle.

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Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in high-producing Holstein cows

Cited by 86 publications

References 29 publications

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Risk factors for ovarian postpartum resumption in Holstein cows, under high tropical conditions

Serum, milk, saliva and urine progesterone and estradiol profiles in crossbred (Zebu x Holstein Friesian) dairy cattle

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