Resveratrol: brain effects on SIRT1, GPR50 and photoperiodic signaling

Abstract

Silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1) deacetylase, a sensor of intermittent energy restriction, is inextricably intertwined with circadian regulation of central and peripheral clock genes. The purpose of this study was to identify SIRT1-specific target genes that are expressed in a circadian rhythm pattern and driven, in part, by specific components of foodstuffs. Using human cells and rats fed with a resveratrol diet we show that SIRT1 binds to, and transcriptionally regulates, a gene locus encoding the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR), GPR50 in the brain. GPR50 is the mammalian orthologue of the melatonin1c membrane-bound receptor which has been identified as a genetic risk factor for bipolar disorder and major depression in women. In general, our findings support and expand the notion that circadian clock signaling components and dietary interventions are adaptively linked, and suggest that the brain may be particularly sensitive to metabolic events in response to light-dark cycles.

Depressive disorders: Processes leading to neurogeneration and potential novel treatments

“…However, it heterodimerizes with MT 1 and thereby inhibits agonist binding and G i protein coupling (Hardeland, 2009a;Levoye et al, 2006). Recently, the GPR50 gene was reported to be directly targeted by SIRT1 and to be, thus, associated with the modulation of circadian rhythms (Leheste and Torres, 2015).…”

Indoor Air Pollution and Decision-Making Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Review

“…Air pollutants-related immunological deficits and inflammatory responses might also disrupt normal circadian rhythms. We live predominantly indoors with bright fluorescent lighting and food nutrients available 24/7 h, which might interfere with the circadian oscillations of genes and proteins in the brain and bilateral body plan [69]. Indeed, epidemiological data suggest that circadian disruption increases the risk of metabolic, psychiatric, and oncological pathologies, particularly in people who live close to one another [70].…”

Linking Brain Arteriovenous Malformations With Anorectal Hemorrhoids: A Clinical and Anatomical Review

“…The onset of age‐related diseases such as BAVMs and symptomatic hemorrhoids could benefit from dietary interventions to reduce inflammation which is also a core feature of pathophysiology for both diseases. Along the same lines, a large body of literature exists to support the view that polyphenols such as resveratrol can activate histone deacetylase pathways (e.g., sirtuins) that mechanistically modulate inflammatory conditions (Baur and Sinclair, ; Gan and Mucke, ; Baur, ; Leheste and Torres, ). Thus, there are sufficient clinical data to support the hypothesis that BAVMs and anorectal hemorrhoids may favorably respond to high fiber diet and resveratrol treatment protocols.…”