Resveratrol: Preventing properties against vascular alterations and ageing

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries where the common pathological substrate underlying this process is atherosclerosis. Several new concepts have emerged in relation to mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of the vascular diseases and associated inflammatory effects. Recently, potential antioxidants (vitamin E, polyphenols) have received much attention as potential anti-atherosclerotic agents. Among the polyphenols with health benefic properties, resveratrol, a phytoalexin of grape, seem to be a good candidate protecting the vascular walls from oxidation, inflammation, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation. In this review, we focus on the mechanism of resveratrol cardiovascular benefic effects. We analyze, in relation with the different steps of atherosclerotic process, the resveratrol properties at multiple levels, such as cellular signaling, enzymatic pathways, apoptosis, and gene expression. We show and discuss the relationship with reactive oxygen species, regulation of pro-inflammatory genes including cycloxygenases and cytokines in molecular inflammatory and aging processes, and how the regulation of these activites by resveratrol can lead to a prevention of vascular diseases.

Resveratrol Alters microRNA Expression Profiles in A549 Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

“…Epidemiological research has revealed a link between the consumption of red wine, an important source of resveratrol, and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in France. Consequently, resveratrol has been extensively studied, and numerous beneficial effects have been observed, including antithrombotic, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and vasorelaxant effects (Bhat et al, 2001;Delmas et al, 2005;KasdallahGrissa et al, 2007;Stef et al, 2006;). In addition, resveratrol exhibits antitumor properties in several cancer types, including prostate, mammary, colon, and lung cancers (Bhat and Pezzuto, 2002;Revel et al, 2003;Schneider et al, 2000;Stewart et al, 2003).…”

Resveratrol attenuates angiotensin II-induced interleukin-6 expression and perivascular fibrosis

“…It has anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet and antioxidant activities. 15 These properties of resveratrol are believed to be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Resveratrol has been shown to extend the life span of a wide variety of species from yeast to mammals.…”

Compostos fenólicos e capacidade antioxidante de cultivares de uvas Vitis labrusca L. e Vitis vinifera L.

“…Estudos epidemiológicos, clínicos e in vitro mostram múl-tiplos efeitos biológicos relacionados aos compostos fenólicos da dieta, tais como: atividades antioxidante, antiinflamatória, antimicrobiana e anticarcinogênica 14,9,6,3 .…”