“…Especially in orthopedic surgery, ceramic materials have proven themselves for a long time [1,2]; the reason they are being used is based on their excellent mechanical properties: temperature stability, strength and resistance to acids and alkalis [3]. In addition, dental medicine has recognized a wide range of other applications of the material in the field: It is used for crowns [4], fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) [5], implant abutments [6], removable partial dentures (RDPs) [7], etc . Consequently, ZrO 2 has become a widely used material in dentistry [4,6,8,9,10,11] because of its excellent properties such as biocompatibility [1,2], mechanical strength, aesthetic appearance and chemical resistance [9,10,11], and the material has also proven outstanding biocompatibility in clinical studies [1,2].…”