Retention of chylomicron remnants by arterial tissue; importance of an efficient clearance mechanism from plasma

Mamo, John; Proctor, Spencer; Smith, D. W.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00220-2

Cited by 96 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition to the ability of small TG-rich lipoproteins to infiltrate and sequester lipid into the developing atheroma (Mamo et al 1998;Gianturco & Bradley, 1999), TG-rich lipoproteins are thought to be the principle metabolic determinant of the combined dyslipidaemia, referred to as the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype; this condition is characterised by elevated fasting and postprandial TG, low HDL-cholesterol levels and a predominance of the dense putatively atherogenic LDL-3 particle (. 40 % total LDL) (Austin et al 1988;Griffin et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

et al. 2004

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High doses of n-3 PUFA found in fish oils can reduce the circulating concentration of triacylglycerol (TG), which may contribute to the positive impact of these fatty acids on the risk of CVD. The present study aimed to establish the differential impact of EPA and docosahexaenoic (DHA) on plasma lipids and apo in adults. Forty-two normolipidaemic adult subjects completed a double-blind placebo controlled parallel study, receiving an EPA-rich oil (4·8 g EPA/d), DHA-rich oil (4·9 g DHA/d) or olive oil as control, for a period of 4 weeks. No effects of treatment on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or HDL-cholesterol were evident. There was a significant 22 % reduction in TG level relative to the control value following the DHA treatment (P¼ 0·032), with the 15 % decrease in the EPA group failing to reach significance (P¼ 0·258). There were no significant inter-group differences in response to treatment for plasma apoA1, -C3 or -E levels, although a significant 15 % within-group increase in apoE was evident in the EPA (P¼ 0·006) and DHA (P¼0·003) groups. In addition, a within-group decrease in the apoA1:HDL-cholesterol ratio was observed in the DHA group, suggesting a positive impact of DHA on HDL particle size. The DHA intervention resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of EPA P¼0·000 and DHA P¼0·000 in plasma phospholipids, whilst significant increases in EPA P¼0·000 and docosapentaenoic acid P¼ 0·002, but not DHA P¼0·193, were evident following EPA supplementation (P, 0·05). Our present results indicate that DHA may be more efficacious than EPA in improving the plasma lipid profile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

et al. 2004

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“…Loss of muscle mass and reduced activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) are closely related to the increased PPL observed in postmenopausal women . Studies on postprandial lipid metabolism have suggested that increased PPL is directly associated with atherosclerosis progression via the deposition of postprandial lipoproteins on the arterial surface (Mamo et al 1998) or indirectly through the contribution of PPL to the predominance of LDL and VLDL cholesterol (Aldred et al 1994). Thus, interventions such as resistance training (RT) that are designed to reduce the risk for coronary heart disease are particularly relevant for postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The skeletal muscle has a major effect on energy expenditure and is considered to be an important determinant of resting metabolic rate (Mamo et al 1998) due to the greater oxygen uptake of the skeletal muscle compared to that of other tissues (Ballor and Poehlman 1992;Henry et al 2003). Accordingly, it has been suggested that RT and the consequent increase in muscle mass can reduce multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Hurley et al 1988;Poehlman et al 2000;Smutok et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise at variable volume does not reduce postprandial lipemia in postmenopausal women

Corrêa

Macedo

Bittencourt

et al. 2014

AGE

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The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of resistance exercise sessions (RESs) performed at different levels of high-volume resistance exercise (HVRE) and low-volume resistance exercise (LVRE) on postprandial lipemia (PPL) in postmenopausal women. Thirty-nine healthy unconditioned postmenopausal women (59.5±4.8 years of age, body mass 69.6 ± 9.1 kg, height 157.9 ± 7.2 cm, BMI 27.6 ± 4.1 kg m −2 , waist circumference 76.1±9.7 cm, VO 2max 18.7±1.4 mL kg −1 min −1 ) were assigned to a LVRE (n= 12), HVRE (n=14), and control group (CG, n=13). Experimental groups performed one RES involving eight exercises. The HVRE group performed three sets with a maximum of 15 repetitions, and the LVRE group performed one set with a maximum of 15 repetitions. Approximately 16 h after a RES, all of the groups were given an oral fat tolerance test (OFTT). During the RES, we evaluated the energy expenditure (EE) of the resistance session and excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC); following the RES and the OFTT, we evaluated lipid profiles (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides). While the study groups did not demonstrate significant differences in lipid profiles, the total energy expenditure (EE+EPOC) of the session exercise treatments was significantly higher for HVRE than for LVRE (0.60±0.12 and 0.31±0.11 MJ, respectively, p<0.001). Different levels of resistance exercise do not lower basal triglyceride concentration and postprandial lipid profile parameters at approximately 16 h following resistance exercise in untrained postmenopausal women.

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“…7B). The above data indicate that PP TRLs are preferred over LDL and HDL as acceptors of cholesterol released from cell membranes DISCUSSION It is generally believed that PP CMs may play a role in transporting dietary fat and cholesterol in circulating blood and that the delayed clearance of its remnants may promote atherogenic processes by injuring arterial wall cells, promoting foam cell formation, and altering endothelial function and/or direct arterial retention of CM remnants (32)(33)(34)(35). In contrast, our study has provided evidence that the rapid clearance of PP CMs may play a critical role in promoting RCT by transporting cholesterol released from cell membranes and endogenous lipoproteins to the liver via LCAT and CETP.…”

Section: Transfer Of Cholesterol Accepted By Ldl and Hdl From Rbcs Inmentioning

confidence: 93%

Postprandial chylomicrons

Chung

Liang

Doran

et al. 2004

Journal of Lipid Research

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Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a process of transporting cholesterol from cell membranes to the liver for its excretion, occurs in the plasma compartment in vivo. Both lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer proteins (CETPs) may play an important role in regulating the rate of RCT by influencing the rate at which cholesterol released from cell membranes into plasma is trapped in the core of HDL via esterification and the rate at which the trapped HDL-cholesteryl ester (CE) is then transferred to apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins for delivery to the liver (1-3). CETP promotes the transfer of CE from HDL to various apoB-containing lipoproteins [LDL, VLDL, IDL, and chylomicrons (CMs)] in plasma (3-9), but the catabolic rate and fate of these various apoB-containing lipoproteins differ in vivo (10). Thus, the rate of RCT promoted by LCAT and CETP might then depend on the rate and extent of transfer of HDL-CE to various apoB-containing lipoproteins in plasma in vivo. Although the extent of in vivo transfer of CE from HDL to various apoB-containing lipoproteins is known to be influenced by the levels of individual apoB-containing lipoproteins in plasma (11), the rate and potencies of the various apoB-containing lipoproteins to accept CE from HDL in vivo have not yet been fully elucidated. An earlier study (12) examining the fate of [ 3 H]CE-labeled HDL injected into fasting humans showed that 3 H-labeled CE on HDL appeared more rapidly on VLDL than on LDL. In rabbits, 3 H-labeled CE on

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Retention of chylomicron remnants by arterial tissue; importance of an efficient clearance mechanism from plasma

Cited by 96 publications

References 41 publications

Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

Resistance exercise at variable volume does not reduce postprandial lipemia in postmenopausal women

Postprandial chylomicrons

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