Retinal Thickness and Foveal Hypoplasia in Adults Born Preterm With and Without Retinopathy of Prematurity

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

Berger

Riedl

et al. 2022

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Introduction Prematurity and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are associated with altered corneal shape and reduced visual acuity in childhood, but their long‐term effects on corneal shape in later life are still unclear. This study evaluated whether prematurity and related perinatal factors are associated with corneal aberrations in adulthood. Methods The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a cohort study using Scheimpflug imaging of the cornea. Associations were assessed between corneal Zernike aberrations and gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), BW percentile, ROP occurrence, ROP treatment and other perinatal factors using univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses. Results This study involved 444 eyes of 256 individuals born preterm (aged 28.1 ± 8.4 years, 146 females) and 231 eyes of 132 individuals born full‐term (aged 29.8 ± 8.9 years, 77 females). Multivariable analyses revealed an association between corneal higher‐order aberrations and lower birth weight percentile (B = −0.001, p < 0.001) as well as ROP treatment (B = 0.120, p = 0.03). Corneal lower‐order aberrations were also associated with lower birth weight percentile (B = −0.004; p = 0.001) and ROP treatment (B = 0.838, p = 0.01) but not with ROP occurrence. Increased corneal aberrations were correlated with lower visual acuity and the spherical equivalent refractive error. Conclusions Perinatal factors, particularly low birth weight percentile and ROP treatment lead to a more irregular corneal shape in adulthood, thereby reducing optical image quality and potentially contributing to reduced visual acuity and altered refractive error.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of preterm birth, retinopathy of prematurity and perinatal factors on corneal aberrations in adulthood: Results from the Gutenberg prematurity eye study

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

Berger

Riedl

et al. 2022

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“…Die Proband*innenrekrutierung und der Selektionsalgorithmus sind in Abb. 1S (Zusatzmaterial) sowie an anderer Stelle beschrieben 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 . Alle Teilnehmenden wurden einer detaillierten und umfassenden augenärztlichen Untersuchung unterzogen, einschließlich einer Untersuchung der Refraktionsfehler und einer Befragung zur Krankengeschichte.…”

Section: Patienten/materials Und Methodenunclassified

“…Recruitment of subjects and the selection algorithm are described in Fig. 1S (supplementary material) and at other points 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 . All participants underwent a detailed and comprehensive ophthalmology exam, which included an examination of refractive errors and a medical history survey.…”

Section: Patients/materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augenärztliche Versorgung früh- und reifgeborener Personen in deren Kindheit und Jugend – eine retrospektive Sicht der Eltern

Wacker

Gißler

et al. 2022

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Beschreibung der augenärztlichen Versorgung in der Kindheit und Jugend früh- und reifgeborener Personen aus der retrospektiven Sicht der Eltern. Patienten, Material und Methoden Die Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) ist eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie mit einer prospektiven augenärztlichen Untersuchung von früh- und reifgeborenen Personen, die zwischen 1969 und 2002 geboren wurden (aktuelles Alter 18 bis 52 Jahre). Sie schließt eine Befragung von deren Eltern zur augenärztlichen Versorgung ihrer Kinder in der Kindheit und Jugend aus der Retrospektive ein. Die Teilnehmenden und deren Eltern wurden in Personen mit normalem Gestationsalter (GA) ≥ 37 (Kontrollgruppe), Frühgeborene ohne ROP (Retinopathy of Prematurity) mit GA 33 – 36 (Gruppe 2), GA 29 – 32 (Gruppe 3), GA ≤ 28 Wochen (Gruppe 4) und solche mit ROP ohne Behandlung (Gruppe 5) und mit ROP mit Behandlung (Gruppe 6) gruppiert. Die Eltern der Teilnehmenden wurden zur augenärztlichen Versorgung und zur Zufriedenheit damit befragt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden die Daten von 57 reifgeborenen und 131 frühgeborenen Kindern und deren Eltern in die vorliegende Studie eingeschlossen. Die Eltern der Teilnehmenden gaben an, dass eine augenärztliche Untersuchung bis zum 6. Lebensjahr in den jeweiligen Gruppen 1 bis 6 bei 22/57 (38,6%), 33/58 (56,9%), 22/38 (57,9%), 3/6 (50%), 19/21 (90,5%) und 7/8 (87,5%) stattgefunden habe. Insgesamt gaben 83 – 100% der Eltern in den verschiedenen Gruppen an, dass die augenärztliche Betreuung gut gewesen sei. Einen Augenarztwechsel aufgrund von Behandlungsunzufriedenheit berichteten insgesamt 4/57 (7%), 9/58 (15,5%), 8/38 (21,1%), 1/6 (16,7%), 1/21 (4,8%) und 2/8 (25%) in den jeweiligen Gruppen. Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende Studie zeigt eine gute Behandlungszufriedenheit hinsichtlich der augenärztlichen Betreuung von ehemaligen frühgeborenen Personen, insbesondere Eltern von Kindern mit einer ROP bewerteten diese positiv.

“…Following an invitation algorithm, every former preterm newborn with gestational age at birth (GA) ≤ 32 weeks and every second randomly chosen preterm newborn with a GA 33-36 weeks were approached. For each calendar month (from 1969 to 2002), six randomly selected full-term subjects (three males and three females) with a birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentile were invited to serve as controls as reported earlier [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The flow chart for eligibility and the effective recruitment efficacy proportion is displayed in Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual acuity, amblyopia, and vision-related quality of life in preterm adults with and without ROP: results from the Gutenberg prematurity eye study

Greven

Mildenberger

et al. 2022

Eye

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This study investigated the effects of prematurity and ROP on visual acuity and VRQoL in adults (18-52 years). METHODS: The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmologic examination. Preterm and full-term participants at an age from 18 to 52 years were included. Distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA) and VRQoL were assessed in participants (892 eyes of 450 individuals aged 28.6 ± 8.6 years, 251 females) grouped into full-term controls (gestational age [GA] at birth ≥37 weeks), preterm participants without ROP and GA 33-36 weeks (group 2), GA 29-32 weeks (group 3), GA ≤ 28 weeks (group 4), non-treated ROP (group 5) and treated ROP (group 6). Main outcome measures were distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA), VRQoL and prevalence of amblyopia. RESULTS: The DCVA of the better eye correlated (p < 0.001) with GA, birth weight, ROP, ROP treatment, and perinatal adverse events and was poorer in both ROP groups. Visual acuity of <20/200 in the better eye was observed in two participants (4.2%) in the ROP group and one person (6.7%) in the treated ROP group. The prevalence of amblyopia increased in the ROP groups. Compared to full-term controls, visual functioning VRQoL scores were lower in preterm individuals independent of ROP while socioemotional VRQoL scores were only lower in the treated ROP group. CONCLUSION: Participants with postnatal ROP and its treatment showed decreased visual acuity and VRQol in adulthood, with amblyopia occurring more frequently in more preterm participants with ROP.