Retinoic acid and dexamethasone induce differentiation and maturation of somatotroph cells at different stages in vitro

Cheng, Yu Jung; Xiang, Ying; Lin, Yandan; Fu, Songbin; Jia, Wenzhi; Zhang, Guanghui; Lv, Wenming; Mi, Shan; Zhao, Qinghai

doi:10.1507/endocrj.k10e-315

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To test the differentiation capacity of pituitary organoids in vitro, organoids were passaged and first grown in organoid culture medium for 1 week. Then, organoids were replated (without dissociation) in Matrigel drops and cultured in SFDM (without growth factors) or SFDM + retinoic acid (RA, 1 µM; Sigma-Aldrich) for 4 days followed by SFDM + RA + dexamethasone (Dex, 50 nM; Sigma-Aldrich) for 2 days, a protocol previously reported to induce GH + cell differentiation (Cheng et al 2011). In an additional approach, formed organoids were cultured for 7 days in SFDM on Matrigel-coated coverslips as previously described for pituispheres (Chen et al 2005.…”

Section: Organoid Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explore whether the pituitary organoids obtained could give rise to the gland's differentiated (hormonal) cells, several in vitro approaches were tested that may induce pituitary hormonal cell differentiation, including the addition of FBS (Garcia-Lavandeira et al 2009), culture on Matrigel-coated surface (as effective for pituispheres; Fauquier et al 2008, Chen et al 2009 and treatment with retinoic acid (RA) and dexamethasone (Cheng et al 2011). However, hormone expression was not detected after applying these protocols (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Journal Of Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organoids from pituitary as a novel research model toward pituitary stem cell exploration

Cox

Laporte

Vennekens

et al. 2019

Journal of Endocrinology

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The pituitary is the master endocrine gland, harboring stem cells of which the phenotype and role remain poorly characterized. Here, we established organoids from mouse pituitary with the aim to generate a novel research model to study pituitary stem cell biology. The organoids originated from the pituitary cells expressing the stem cell marker SOX2 were long-term expandable, displayed a stemness phenotype during expansive culture and showed specific hormonal differentiation ability, although limited, after subrenal transplantation. Application of the protocol to transgenically injured pituitary harboring an activated stem cell population, resulted in more numerous organoids. Intriguingly, these organoids presented with a cystic morphology, whereas the organoids from undamaged gland were predominantly dense and appeared more limited in expandability. Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct epithelial phenotypes and showed that cystic organoids more resembled the pituitary phenotype, at least to an immature state, and displayed in vitro differentiation, although yet moderate. Organoid characterization further exposed facets of regulatory pathways of the putative stem cells of the pituitary and advanced new injury-activated markers. Taken together, we established a novel organoid research model revealing new insights into the identity and regulation of the putative pituitary stem cells. This organoid model may eventually lead to an interesting tool to decipher pituitary stem cell biology in both healthy and diseased gland.

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Section: Organoid Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Organoids from pituitary as a novel research model toward pituitary stem cell exploration

Cox

Laporte

Vennekens

et al. 2019

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Indeed, our previous report showed that RA increases the expression level of the pituitary-specific transcription factor Prop1 in the rat Rathke’s pouch [ 34 ]. Other groups also demonstrated using rats that RA stimulates the expression of Pit-1 (Pou1f1), a transcription factor essential for differentiation toward GH, PRL, and TSH-producing cells in the anterior pituitary glands [ 31 ], and that RA induces GH-producing cell differentiation in vitro [ 5 , 24 ]. In sum, RA is suggested to act as an important signaling molecule for pituitary organogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenases in the Pituitary Glands of Fetus and Adult Mice

Wei,

Cheng,

Tsukada

et al. 2024

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Retinoic acid (RA) plays a critical role in cell growth and tissue development. RA is synthesized from retinoids through oxidation processes by the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (Raldh) family. However, the expression of Raldhs during pituitary development and the identification of Raldh -expressing cells in the adult pituitary have not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed in situ hybridization to localize the three Raldh isoforms ( Raldh1-3 ) in fetal and adult mouse pituitary glands. The results showed that Raldh2 expression was observed in Rathke’s pouch from embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5), and this expression was sustained in the anterior lobe of the pituitary primordium from E15.5 to E17.5. In contrast, Raldh1 and Raldh3 were rarely detectable. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that Raldh2 was the predominant isoform expressed in the adult pituitary, although Raldh1 was also expressed to a lesser extent. In the adult pituitary, Raldh1 -expressing cells were primarily observed in the posterior lobe. Raldh2 -expressing cells were found in the marginal cell layer and parenchyma of the anterior lobe and were immunopositive for aldolase C (folliculostellate cells), but not for anterior pituitary hormones. These results suggest that RA is an important regulatory factor in the functions of the pituitary throughout its development in mice.

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“…RA probably plays a role not only in the differentiation of somatotrophs through pit-1 transcription factor ( 79 ) but also in the expression of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) receptors in somatotrophs as there is a RARE in the promoter of GH-RH receptor gene ( 80 ). In developed somatotrophs, retinoids affect basal and GH-RH-induced GH secretion ( 80 ).…”

Section: Vitamin a And The Hypothalamo–pituitary–peripheral Gland Axementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A, endocrine tissues and hormones: interplay and interactions

Brossaud

Pallet

Corcuff

2017

Endocrine Connections

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Vitamin A (retinol) is a micronutrient critical for cell proliferation and differentiation. In adults, vitamin A and metabolites such as retinoic acid (RA) play major roles in vision, immune and brain functions and tissue remodelling and metabolism. This review presents the physiological interactions of retinoids and endocrine tissues and hormonal systems. Two endocrine systems have been particularly studied. In the pituitary, retinoids target the corticotrophs with a possible therapeutic use in corticotropinomas. In the thyroid, retinoids interfere with iodine metabolism and vitamin A deficiency aggravates thyroid dysfunction caused by iodine-deficient diets. Retinoids use in thyroid cancer appears less promising than expected. Recent and still controversial studies investigated the relations between retinoids and metabolic syndrome. Indeed, retinoids contribute to pancreatic development and modify fat and glucose metabolism. However, more detailed studies are needed before planning any therapeutic use. Finally, retinoids probably play more minor roles in adrenal and gonads development and function apart from their major effects on spermatogenesis.

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Retinoic acid and dexamethasone induce differentiation and maturation of somatotroph cells at different stages in vitro

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Organoids from pituitary as a novel research model toward pituitary stem cell exploration

Organoids from pituitary as a novel research model toward pituitary stem cell exploration

Expression of Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenases in the Pituitary Glands of Fetus and Adult Mice

Vitamin A, endocrine tissues and hormones: interplay and interactions

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