Retinol levels are associated with magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis

Løken‐Amsrud, Kristin Ingeleiv; Myhr, Kjell–Morten; Bakke, Søren Jacob; Beiske, Antonie Giæver; Bjerve, Kristian S.; Bjørnarå, Bård; Hovdal, Harald; Lilleås, Finn; Midgard, Rune; Pedersen, Thomas Bondo; Benth, Jūratė Šaltytė; Torkildsen, Øivind; Wergeland, Stig; Holmøy, Trygve

doi:10.1177/1352458512457843

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…One recent study using the same technique for retinol assessment, found an inverse association between new lesion formation on MRI and vitamin A levels (Loken-Amsrud et al, 2012). We could not confirm an association between vitamin A and clinical disease activity in MS in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In the longitudinal study, the use of interferon-β did not influence our results. In studies by others on this topic conflicting results have been found: some found a synergistic effect of RA with interferon-β on T suppressor cell augmentation (Qu et al, 1998), others found the association between vitamin A and MRI outcomes to be non-significant during interferon-β use (Loken-Amsrud et al, 2012). We were unable to confirm any of this here.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…Furthermore, RA can promote the formation of anti-inflammatory Treg cells expressing Foxp3 (Coombes et al, 2007;Mucida et al, 2007;Schambach et al, 2007). Recently, it was also found that vitamin A is possibly associated with MS risk (Salzer et al, 2013) and MRI outcomes in MS (Loken-Amsrud et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin A is not associated with exacerbations in multiple sclerosis

Runia

Hop

Rijke

et al. 2014

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

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Vitamin A is not associated with exacerbations in multiple sclerosis

Runia

Hop

Rijke

et al. 2014

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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“…A reduction of retinol levels in MS patients compared with patients with noninflammatory neurologic diseases and with healthy controls has already been reported (32,33). Furthermore, a recent study described inverse association between increasing levels of s-retinol and MRI lesion activity in MS patients, finding s-retinol levels predicted MRI outcomes during subsequent months of follow-up (34). This is consistent with observations in different animal models.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Parasite Infections in Multiple Sclerosis Modulate Immune Responses through a Retinoic Acid–Dependent Pathway

Correale¹,

Farez²

2013

The Journal of Immunology

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We recently demonstrated better outcomes in helminth-infected multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, compared with uninfected ones. The present study evaluates the role of TLR2 and retinoic acid (RA) in parasite-driven protection in MS patients. RA serum levels were significantly higher in helminth-infected MS patients than in uninfected MS subjects or healthy controls. Genes involved in RA biosynthesis and metabolism, such as Adh1 and Raldh2, as well as RA receptors and IL-10, were induced in dendritic cells (DCs) via TLR2-dependent ERK signaling. This programmed DCs to induce FOXP3+ T regulatory cells and suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α) via induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), an effect mediated by soluble egg Ag (SEA) obtained from Schistosoma mansoni, and by RA. SEA-activated DCs also inhibited IL-17 and IFN-γ production through autoreactive T cells. These inhibitory effects were abrogated when SOCS3 gene expression was silenced, indicating that SEA-mediated signaling inhibited production of these cytokines by T cells, through a SOCS3-dependent pathway. Overall, helminth-related immunomodulation observed in MS patients was mediated by TLR2- and RA-dependent pathways, through two different mechanisms, as follows: 1) induction of IL-10 and FOXP3+ T regulatory cells, and 2) suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production mediated by SOCS3.

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“…19 One study on the other hand, designed to assess the association between vitamin D intake and MS risk, found no association between vitamin A intake, mainly from multivitamins, and MS risk. 20 The ORs of MS for RBP quintiles in the present study described a U-shaped pattern, which is not easily interpreted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A and systemic inflammation as protective factors in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2013

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This is an accepted version of a paper published in Multiple Sclerosis. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination.Citation for the published paper: Salzer, J., Hallmans, G., Nyström, M., Stenlund, H., Wadell, G. et al. (2013) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, in 1) prospectively collected biobank blood samples from MS cases and controls, and 2) gestational samples were the offspring had later developed MS, and gestational control samples. The risk of MS was calculated using matched multivariable logistic regression adjusted for confounders. Results:In prospective samples, RBP levels within the second quintile (vs. the first) were associated with a lower MS risk (OR = 0.38,. No effect on MS risk in the offspring by gestational RBP levels was found. In young subjects hs-CRP levels ≥10 mg/l in prospective samples were associated with a lower MS risk (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.14-0.95). Conclusions:Our results suggest that sub-optimal vitamin A levels may be associated with MS risk. The association between hs-CRP levels and MS risk in young subjects may support the role of the hygiene hypothesis in MS aetiology.

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Retinol levels are associated with magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis

Abstract: Serum retinol is inversely associated with simultaneous and subsequent MRI outcomes in RRMS.

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Vitamin A is not associated with exacerbations in multiple sclerosis

Vitamin A is not associated with exacerbations in multiple sclerosis

Parasite Infections in Multiple Sclerosis Modulate Immune Responses through a Retinoic Acid–Dependent Pathway

Vitamin A and systemic inflammation as protective factors in multiple sclerosis

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