Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Al-Zuabi, Homoud; Al-Tammar, Yaqoub; Al-Moataz, Reem; AlSabti, Khalid; Wani, Vivek B; Hamama, F.; Mohammad, Hanan; Al-Suwayan, Mai H.

doi:10.1159/000086925

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Despite that, little is known about the true impact of DM and its complications, including diabetic retinopathy, in the UAE population. While the prevalence of DR in Al-Ain, UAE (19%) is clearly lower than that reported in other populations such as the US (40–45 % [13]), Saudi Arabia (31%), Oman (42%) and Egypt (42%) [14,15] and [16], it was substantially higher than the equivalent rate reported in a similar study in Kuwait (8%) [17]. The substantial heterogeneity in reported prevalence of retinopathy may partly be real, for example due to differences in the age structure of different population, but may also be due to differences in study methodology and population sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional survey

Al-Maskari

El-Sadig

2007

BMC Ophthalmol

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BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and determinants of retinopathy among diabetics in Al-Ain city, United Arab Emirates (UAE).MethodsThe study was part of a general cross-sectional survey carried out to assess the prevalence of diabetes (DM) complications including retinopathy among known diabetic patients in Al-Ain District, UAE. Patients were randomly selected during 2003/2004. Patients completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire carried out by treating doctors and underwent a complete medical assessment. All patients were examined for evidence of diabetic retinopathy by ophthalmologist and their fundi were examined using slit lamp examination and fundus photography of each eye through dilated pupils.ResultsA sample of 513 diabetic patients was selected with a mean age of 53 years (SD ± 13.01). Retinopathy was present in 19% (95% CI: 15.1–23.5%) of the study population. Most patients (74%) were not aware of their condition. The disease was more common among males (24.2 vs. 13.9%; p = 0.016), increased with increasing age (p = 0.004) and disease duration (p = 0.0001). Type I DM was a highly significantly contributing risk factor (38.3% for type 1, vs. 16.4% for type 2; p < 0.0001). Retinopathy was higher among patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease and neuropathy.ConclusionThe prevalence of DR in the UAE was (19%) and significantly affected elderly males. Regular screening to detect DR is highly recommended as with the early detection of proliferative retinopathy and timely laser photocoagulation which are known to prevent most of the diabetes related blindness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional survey

Al-Maskari

El-Sadig

2007

BMC Ophthalmol

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“…Females had a statistically significantly higher rate of DR in our study. Although gender was not found to be an important risk factor for developing DR in most other studies [17,[24][25][26][27][28] , some found males to be more prone to develop DR than females, as in UAE [21] and Oman [23] .…”

Section: Risk Factors For Drmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This is significantly lower than the previously reported DR prevalence in Egypt (42%) [17] . There has been considerable inconsistency of the prevalence of DR from one study to another within the same country [16,17,[21][22][23][24]28] . The reason is partly explained by the different methodology used and the different population sample investigated in each study design.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, patients excluded for media opacity had the same age and sex structure, and so this will not change our findings. It is also worth noting that the average prevalence of DR in the region is about 31% [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] (range: 7.6% in Kuwait [28] to 60% in Yemen [26] ). We believe that the prevalence of DR among diabetics in Egypt is very close to the average in the region.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in Egypt: A Hospital-Based Study

et al. 2010

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Purpose: To determine the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients ≧18 years at the Cairo University and Sixth of October University hospitals. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey among known diabetic patients attending diabetic clinics. Patients were randomly selected to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a medical assessment. All patients had a dilated fundus examination for evidence of DR using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Results: A sample of 1,325 patients was selected with a mean age of 49 years (SD ±12.9). DR was found in 20.5% of patients. Most patients (82%) were not aware of the hazards of diabetes mellitus for the eyes. The prevalence of DR was statistically significantly higher in females (22 vs.17%, p < 0.05), with longer diabetes disease duration (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001) and absence of hypertension control (p < 0.001), especially proliferative DR. Increasing age and poor glycemic control were associated with a nonsignificant increase in the rate of DR (p = 0.340 and p = 0.444, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of DR in our study population is 20.5%. Regular screening is highly recommended for early detection of DR where timely laser photocoagulation is known to reduce the risk of visual loss in these patients.

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“…2, 4-8 However a number of studies showed a lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. 1,3,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Factors like unawareness of diabetes among the population, lack of facilities to check regularly retinopathy and other complications could have attributed to the higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Tripura

Datta¹,

Chakma²,

Datta³

2014

jemds

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OBJECTIVE:To study the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its relationship with the various risks factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending the departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology of TMC &Dr. BRAM Teaching Hospital comprised the material of this study. Detailed history, clinical examination and thorough ophthalmological examination including fundus photography of all the diabetic patients under study were done. The glycaemic control was evaluated for all the subjects by estimation of blood glucose and HbA1c, presence of microalbuminuria and lipid profiles. RESULTS: There were 61 (61%) females and 39 (39%) males in the study of which 42 (42%) patients, 15(35.7%) males and 27(64.3%) females had diabetic retinopathy. Among 42 retinopathy patients NPDR, PDR and ADR were 15(35.7%), 17 (40.48%) and 10 (23.81%) respectively. Duration of diabetes was found the most significant contributory factor in the causation of DR (Chi-square -43.66; p<0.01& F-78.037, p=0.00). Other factors which were significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy are age (p=0.00), glycaemic control as assessed by HbA1c (p=0.00), blood glucose-fasting (p=0. 00) & postprandial (p=0.00) and MAU (p=0.00). Factors like blood pressure-Systolic (p=0.655) & diastolic (p=0.964), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.140), and BMI (p=0.513) did not show any significant correlation. KEY WORDS: Diabetic retinopathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight threatening, chronic microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus that eventually afflicts most patients with DM despite the availability of various modalities of treatment. Upto two percent of type-2 diabetes have retinopathy at the time of first diagnosis and more than 60% of them have some degree of retinopathy by twenty years of diagnosis. 1 DR is a major global cause of total blindness according to the global update of available data on visual impairment in the year 2002. 2 Its prevalence was estimated to be as high as 4.8% of the total of blindness. It is the leading cause of new-onset blindness among American adults aged 20-74 years 3 with an estimated 24, 000 people losing vision each year as a consequence. The risk factors identified to be related to the progression of DR are duration of DM, glycemic control, blood pressure and microalbuminuria. Data on other factors including BMI, male sex, serum lipids and smoking have demonstrated varying results. 4 We aim to study the prevalence of DR in Tripura and its correlation with age, obesity, glycemic control, hypertension and dyslipidemia as there is no data regarding the DR in Tripura so far.

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Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional survey

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional survey

Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in Egypt: A Hospital-Based Study

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Tripura

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