Retirement and a healthy lifestyle: opportunity or pitfall? A narrative review of the literature

Zantinge, E.M.; Berg, Matthijs van den; Smit, Henriëtte A.; Picavet, H. Susan J.

doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckt157

Cited by 98 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…21 A recent review has shown that life transitions, such as retirement, can also affect physical activity levels. 22 The review concluded that transition to retirement is accompanied by lifestyle changes such as increased leisure-time physical activity; however, these activities do not compensate for the decrease in work-related and commute-related physical activity. In the present study no data on retirement were collected, so it can only be speculated that the decreased physical activity in the oldest age group may be related to retirement.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

A 6 year longitudinal study of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in Swedish adults

Hagströmer

Kwak

Oja

et al. 2015

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

A 6 year longitudinal study of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in Swedish adults

Hagströmer

Kwak

Oja

et al. 2015

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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“…Latif (2013) uses data from Canada. 3 Several studies in the public health literature investigate changes in lifestyle upon retirement (for a literature review see Zantinge et al, 2014). However, these studies do not account for endogeneity of retirement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the effect of retirement on health: Mechanisms and heterogeneity

Eibich

2015

Journal of Health Economics

345

314

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. show a long-run improvement in health upon retirement. Relief from work-related stress and strain, increased sleep duration and more frequent physical exercise seem to be key mechanisms through which retirement affects health. Moreover, the improvement in health caused by retirement leads to a reduction in healthcare utilization. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may

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“…So far the evidence for the health benefits or costs of staying employed for older workers has been mixed and inconsistent [9, 10]. Much of the research is confounded by the ‘healthy worker effect’, whereby older workers in good health remain in the labour market and those with poor health leave early [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health or harm? A cohort study of the importance of job quality in extended workforce participation by older adults

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAs people are living longer, they are being encouraged to work longer. While it is assumed that extended employment will be good for health, the evidence has been mixed. This study considers whether employment and job quality exert an influence on four indicators of health status in older workers.MethodsData for this study came from 836 older workers (440 men and 396 women) aged 50–59 years at baseline who participated in the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. Using linear regression, we examine within-person change in self-rated, physical and mental health and one health behaviour (physical activity) at two time points over a nine year follow-up period.ResultsThere were minimal differences in the way health changed for older adults who continued working compared to those who retired voluntarily. However, when we decomposed employment in terms of job quality, health outcomes diverged. Compared to voluntary retirees, older workers who had worked in good quality jobs reported marginally better self-rated health (0.14,−0.02–0.29); but did not differ in their physical (2.31,−1.09–5.72) or mental health (0.51,−1.84–2.87). In contrast, older workers who held poor quality jobs for most of the follow-up period declined in their self-rated (−1.13,−0.28 − –0.02), physical (−4.90, 8.52– − 1.29) and mental health (−4.67, 7.69– − 1.66) relative to voluntary retirees. Older workers who held poor quality jobs for just some of the follow-up period did not differ from voluntary retirees in terms of their health. However there was evidence of a linear relationship between length of exposure to poor quality jobs and decline in health outcomes.ConclusionExtended working lives mean that people will be ‘exposed’ to work for longer, and this exposure will occur at a life stage characterised by declining health for many. Our findings show that ensuring older workers have access to secure jobs which allow for control over work time, skill use and fair rewards will be essential if policy goals to boost participation and productivity, as well as reduce the health and care costs of the elderly, are to be met.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3478-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Retirement and a healthy lifestyle: opportunity or pitfall? A narrative review of the literature

Cited by 98 publications

References 27 publications

A 6 year longitudinal study of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in Swedish adults

A 6 year longitudinal study of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in Swedish adults

Understanding the effect of retirement on health: Mechanisms and heterogeneity

Health or harm? A cohort study of the importance of job quality in extended workforce participation by older adults

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