RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effect of a high fat diet on lipid
              absorption and fatty acid transport in a rat model of short bowel
              syndrome

Sukhotnik, Igor; Gork, A Semih; Chen, Min; Drongowski, Robert A.; Coran, Arnold G.; Harmon, Carroll M.

doi:10.1007/s00383-003-1016-3

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This study raises important questions regarding the dietary management of infants with SBS. Overall, research evidence from this and previous studies shows that high fat diets and diets high in LCPUFA are most beneficial in cases of SBS (4,5,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) and that low-fat diets impair postresection intestinal adaptation (6), despite that these findings are paradoxical to current wide-spread clinical practice. Infants with SBS are often given elemental formula containing less fat than human breast milk, having considerably high medium-chain fatty acids, and being dominated by n-6 PUFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Enteral fats seem to be the most trophic macronutrients in inducing adaptation (3)(4)(5). High fat diets (5)(6)(7)(8) and diets enriched with long chain fatty acids (9,10) have been shown to be more effective, and especially, diets rich in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are the most beneficial in stimulating mucosal adaptation (4,11). Fish oil (FO) is a main source of n-3 LCPUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dietary Fish Oil on Intestinal Adaptation in 20-Day-Old Weanling Rats After Massive Ileocecal Resection

Kock

2010

Pediatr Res

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Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) seem to be the most trophic macronutrients in inducing intestinal adaptation in adult short bowel syndrome (SBS), although their effects on intestinal adaptation in infants with SBS remain unknown. It is hypothesized that a high fat diet enriched with n-3 LCPUFA derived from fish oil (FO) will increase intestinal adaptation compared with a diet dominated by n-6 PUFA from corn oil (CO) in weanling SBS rats after massive ileocecal resection (ICR). Twentyday-old rats were sorted into four groups, CO-sham, FO-sham, CO-ICR, and FO-ICR groups, and fed ad lib with the CO or FO diet, respectively, for 7 d after sham or ICR surgery. Compared with CO-ICR rats, FO-ICR rats consumed less diet per gram of weight gain, had less diarrhea and fecal fat excretion, and demonstrated a tendency toward better weight gain. The mucosal mass, DNA and RNA levels of the colon and RNA levels of the distal jejunum, and the colonic mucosal area (%) were significantly higher in FO-ICR rats than in CO-ICR rats. These results suggest that the beneficial effect of dietary FO is associated with better adaptation in the colon in weanling rats after ICR. (Pediatr Res 68: 183-187, 2010) I ntestinal adaptation in short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a compensatory physiologic response that occurs after loss of mucosal surface area and is important in restoring the digestive and absorptive capacity of the intestine. Enteral nutrition plays a key role in the adaptive process in SBS, which depends on both the presence (1) and quality (2) of enteral nutrients. Enteral fats seem to be the most trophic macronutrients in inducing adaptation (3-5). High fat diets (5-8) and diets enriched with long chain fatty acids (9,10) have been shown to be more effective, and especially, diets rich in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are the most beneficial in stimulating mucosal adaptation (4,11). Fish oil (FO) is a main source of n-3 LCPUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Rats with SBS were fed with a diet containing 15% FO had better mucosal adaptation than those fed with a diet containing less highly unsaturated fats (11). However, the impact of a diet with combination of high fat and LCPUFA on mucosal adaptation is unclear. Moreover, those studies (4 -11) used adult SBS rats, and thus, the effect of dietary fat on intestinal adaptation in infantile SBS remains unknown.Recently, we developed an SBS model in 20-d-old weanling rats with 50% ileocecal resection (ICR) and partial colon resection (12). This model is more appropriate for studying human infantile SBS, which most often occurs after surgical treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants (13,14), as the intestinal resection is similar in both. Using this model in this study, we compared the trophic effects of a high fat diet enriched with n-3 LCPUFA from FO to one containing the same amount of fat, but with n-6 PUFA from corn oil (CO), on the adaptive responses in the residual jejunum and colon. METHOD...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Fish Oil on Intestinal Adaptation in 20-Day-Old Weanling Rats After Massive Ileocecal Resection

Kock

2010

Pediatr Res

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“…In non-operated, non-stressed animal, total food intake is 20-25 g/rat/day, total protein intake is about 6 g/rat/day, and total energy intake is 100 kcal/rat/day [22]. We do not believe that an additional 300 mg/rat/day of protein (vs 6 g of total protein) as well as additional energy of 1.2 kcal/rat (vs total 100 kcal/rat/day) may have influenced the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces Methotrexate-induced intestinal mucosal injury in rat

et al. 2012

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BackgroundArginine (ARG) and nitric oxide maintain the mucosal integrity of the intestine in various intestinal disorders. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of oral ARG supplementation on intestinal structural changes, enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis following methotrexate (MTX)-induced intestinal damage in a rat.MethodsMale rats were divided into four experimental groups: Control rats, CONTR-ARG rats, were treated with oral ARG given in drinking water 72 hours before and 72 hours following vehicle injection, MTX rats were treated with a single dose of methotrexate, and MTX-ARG rats were treated with oral ARG following injection of MTX. Intestinal mucosal damage, mucosal structural changes, enterocyte proliferation and enterocyte apoptosis were determined 72 hours following MTX injection. RT-PCR was used to determine bax and bcl-2 mRNA expression.ResultsMTX-ARG rats demonstrated greater jejunal and ileal bowel weight, greater ileal mucosal weight, greater ileal mucosal DNA and protein levels, greater villus height in jejunum and ileum and crypt depth in ileum, compared to MTX animals. A significant decrease in enterocyte apoptosis in the ileum of MTX-ARG rats (vs MTX) was accompanied by decreased bax mRNA and protein expression and increased bcl-2 protein levels.ConclusionsTreatment with oral ARG prevents mucosal injury and improves intestinal recovery following MTX- injury in the rat.

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“…These observations suggested that apical membrane proteins on enterocytes may facilitate FA transfer and direct the FA to the appropriate metabolic sites. Regulatory effects of protein-mediated transport were also suggested by the adaptive changes in brush-border membrane FA uptake in response to environmental challenges (208, 221) and by the variability, possibly genetically determined, of FA uptake by intestinal segments from various mice strains (103). In the following discussion we will try to integrate the data related to intestinal FA transport into a working model that could provide a starting point for further work.…”

Section: Fatty Acid and Sterol Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Gut in Lipid Homeostasis

Abumrad

Davidson

2012

Physiological Reviews

298

245

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Intestinal lipid transport plays a central role in fat homeostasis. Here we review the pathways regulating intestinal absorption and delivery of dietary and biliary lipid substrates, principally long-chain fatty acid, cholesterol, and other sterols. We discuss the regulation and functions of CD36 in fatty acid absorption, NPC1L1 in cholesterol absorption, as well as other lipid transporters including FATP4 and SRB1. We discuss the pathways of intestinal sterol efflux via ABCG5/G8 and ABCA1 as well as the role of the small intestine in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis and reverse cholesterol transport. We review the pathways and genetic regulation of chylomicron assembly, the role of dominant restriction points such as microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and apolipoprotein B, and the role of CD36, l-FABP, and other proteins in formation of the prechylomicron complex. We will summarize current concepts of regulated lipoprotein secretion (including HDL and chylomicron pathways) and include lessons learned from families with genetic mutations in dominant pathways (i.e., abetalipoproteinemia, chylomicron retention disease, and familial hypobetalipoproteinemia). Finally, we will provide an integrative view of intestinal lipid homeostasis through recent findings on the role of lipid flux and fatty acid signaling via diverse receptor pathways in regulating absorption and production of satiety factors.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effect of a high fat diet on lipid absorption and fatty acid transport in a rat model of short bowel syndrome

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of Dietary Fish Oil on Intestinal Adaptation in 20-Day-Old Weanling Rats After Massive Ileocecal Resection

Effects of Dietary Fish Oil on Intestinal Adaptation in 20-Day-Old Weanling Rats After Massive Ileocecal Resection

Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces Methotrexate-induced intestinal mucosal injury in rat

Role of the Gut in Lipid Homeostasis

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