RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of Nano-particles on Histo-pathological changes of the fish

Abstract

Regarding fast development of the nanotechnology and the probably of it’s side effects on aquatic body organs, this study investigate the effects of nanosilver administration on histology of gill, kidney and biochemical parameters in common carp. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized in a one-step reduction process in an aqueous solution. 60 O. mykiss were obtained from a local commercial hatchery. Fish were divided randomly into four groups. Control group was kept in dechlorinated tap water without any add-on material. Experimental groups were exposed to concentration of 3, 300 and 1000 mg/L of nanosilver solution for eight weeks, respectively. Biochemical analyses of sera, histological alterations of the gill and kidney tissue were done. Aneurism in the secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of epithelium in gills, adhesion of the gill lamellae, inducing hyaline cast formation, significant decreasing in the glomerular diameter and formation of intra cytoplasmic vacuoles in the various urinary tubules were seen in experimental groups. The serum levels of total protein was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by increasing nanosilver concentration but ALP, LDH, AST and ALT increased significantly (P < 0.05). It is concluded that nanosilver induces gill and kidney damages and changes the biochemical parameters of O. mykiss juveniles in different concentrations.

A Comparative Assessment of Nanotoxicity Induced by Metal (Silver, Nickel) and Metal Oxide (Cobalt, Chromium) Nanoparticles in Labeo rohita

“…ALT and AST are considered to be important parameters for assessing tissue injury or organ dysfunction. Liver is the major organ where these enzymes are generally found, and their increased level shows cellular toxicity [63]. An increase in ALT and AST levels was in accordance with our histopathological results of kidney and liver damage.…”

“…An increase in ALT and AST levels was in accordance with our histopathological results of kidney and liver damage. Monfared et al [ 63 ] also mentioned an increase in cholesterol, ALT, and AST in AgNP-exposed rainbow trout.…”

Evaluation of a new Argovit as an antiviral agent included in feed to protect the shrimpLitopenaeus vannameiagainst White Spot Syndrome Virus infection

“…The main reason why a chronic toxicological study was not performed is precisely because of the observed antiviral effect. Fabrega et al (2011), points out that invertebrates such as water flea Daphnia pulex, acute and chronic toxicity studies do not generate bioaccumulation, although other authors point out that in the event that AgNPs accumulate in the gills, they do not have harmful side effects (Xiang et al, 2019), however, this could dependent of administered doses (Monfared et al, 2015). It is important to mention that more experiments should be carried out to consider the possibility of applying this nanoparticular design in the field.…”

Innate Immunity Provides Biomarkers of Health for Teleosts Exposed to Nanoparticles

“…However, that may not apply to NPs. In gills, evaluation of NPs effects have been performed mainly by histopathology (19–23, 25, 28, 30–33, 39, 40), NP bioaccumulation (21, 23, 24, 27, 32, 34, 37, 39) and measurement of oxidative stress biomarkers (19, 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41) (refer to Oxidative stress section and Table 1). Regarding histopathology, some inaccurate histopathology-based results have been published due to the high degree of expertise necessary (122).…”