RETRACTED ARTICLE: The best drug supplement for obesity treatment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Obesity is a complex disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide. There are different weight-management options for obesity treatment, including dietary control, exercise, surgery, and medication. Medications are always associated with different responses from different people. More safety and efficacy of drugs with fewer side effects are valuable for any clinical condition. In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, different anti-obesity drugs are compared to identify the most effective drug. Methods All relevant studies were extracted by searching national and international databases of SID, MagIran, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Google Scholar without time limit until October 2020. Finally, the meta-analysis was performed with the 11 remaining studies containing 14 different drug supplements. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated at a 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the effects of each treatment group compared with placebo. A random-effect model was used to evaluate the effect of individual studies on the final result. Heterogeneity and incompatibility of the network were assessed by Cochran’s Q and Higgins I2, and the Net Heat chart, respectively. Data analysis was performed using R software. Results Our results showed that there were significant mean effects in people intervened with Phentermine 15.0 mg + Topiramate 92.0 mg, Phentermine 7.5 mg + Topiramate 46.0 mg, Pramlintide, Naltrexone + Bupropion 32, and Liraglutide, with SMD effects size = − 9.1, − 7.4, − 6.5, − 5.9, − 5.35, respectively. Conclusion This study was performed to compare the effect of different drugs used for weight loss in obese patients. The most effective drugs for weight loss were phentermine and topiramate, pramlintide, naltrexone, bupropion, and liraglutide compared to placebo treatment, respectively. This study provides new insights into anti-obesity drugs and hopes to shed new light on future research to manage and treat obesity.

FDA-Approved Pharmacotherapy for Weight Loss Over the Last Decade

“…Topiramate, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist, decreases appetite and increases satiety. It is often used for the treatment of epilepsy and migraine headaches [20,21]. The combination of phentermine with topiramate has been approved by FDA for the management of obesity.…”

“…Liraglutide is a subcutaneous GLP-1 agonist, which is used daily for the management of diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity/weight management [20]. A systematic review and meta-analysis by Khera et al found that 23% of participants taking placebo had a weight loss of 5% compared to 63% of those taking liraglutide (OR 5.54, 95% CrI 4.16-7.78, SUCRA 0.83).…”

Pharmacological Treatments and Natural Biocompounds in Weight Management

“…Other studies suggest that this drug combination modulates dopaminergic expression [ 73 ]. Based on the safety and clinical efficacy analysis of drugs for treating obesity, bupropion is on the list of drugs that can effectively reduce body weight [ 74 ].…”

Correction to: The best drug supplement for obesity treatment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

“…Following publication of the original article [ 1 ], the Table 2 reports incorrect data for some of the studies included in the analysis: In the study by Davies et al (row 3), the dose of liraglutide should read 3.0 mg instead of 0.3 mg. In the study by Greenway et al (row 6), it should read Naltrexone 16.0 mg + bupropion instead of Naltrexone + bupropion 16.0 mg, and Naltrexone 32.0 mg + bupropion instead of Naltrexone + bupropion 32.0 mg. In the study by O’Neil et al (row 9) it should read Lorcaserin 10 mg BID instead of Orlistat 120.mg BID, and Lorcaserin 10 mg QD instead of Orlistat 120.mg QD. …”