RETRACTED: Evaluation of a six‐dye multiplex composed of 27 markers for forensic analysis and databasing

Abstract

Background Short tandem repeat (STR) markers play a significant role in genetic applications and have proved to be effective for the personal identification in forensic medicine. In this study, a six‐dye multiplex composed of 23 autosomal STR loci (TH01, D3S1358, Penta D, D6S1043, D21S11, TPOX, D1S1656, D12S391, Penta E, D10S1248, D22S1045, D19S433, D8S1179, D2S1338, D2S441, D18S51, vWA, FGA, D16S539, CSF1PO, D13S317, D5S818, D7S820), one Y chromosome STR (DYS391), two internal quality control markers (Quality Sensor QS1 and QS2), and Amelogenin was evaluated. Methods Evaluation studies, including PCR‐based studies, sensitivity studies, species specificity studies, stability studies, DNA mixture studies, concordance studies, and precision evaluations were performed according to the guidelines of “Validation Guidelines for Forensic DNA Analysis Methods (2016)” by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). In addition, the forensic characteristics of 357 unrelated male samples from Han and Hui populations in China were investigated using 27 markers. Results Full STR profiles were obtained from different reaction volumes (5 ~ 25 μl), cycle numbers (28 ~ 34 cycles) and annealing temperatures (58 ~ 62°C). All STR profiles were obtained at humic acid concentration of up to 200 ng/μl and hematin concentration of up to 500 μM. No peaks were observed in most common animal samples except two innovative internal PCR controls (Quality Sensor QS1 and QS2). The six‐dye multiplex showed a notably high value for the combined probability of exclusion (CPE), exhibiting values of with 0.99999999977688 in the Han population and 0.999999999583875 in the Hui population. The values of combined probability of discrimination (CPD) were 0.999999999999999999999999999997453 in the Han population and 0. 999999999999999999999999999994398 in the Hui population. In addition, concordance studies showed that there was no difference with the AGCU Express Marker 22 Kit. Conclusion The results indicated that the Investigator® 26plex QS Kit is a robust, reliable, and suitable tool for forensic analysis and databasing.

Whole-Bacterium SELEX Aptamer Selection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Application to Colorectal Cancer Noninvasive Screening in Human Feces

“…The effectiveness of PCR is influenced by the annealing temperature and number of cycles. An appropriate annealing temperature and cycle count not only increase the PCR efficiency but also decrease the nonspecific sequence amplification. − We first performed a substantial number of PCR reactions to adjust the PCR conditions for ssDNA library 1 to attain the highest PCR efficiency before screening the aptamers. The ideal cycles count (Figure S2) and annealing temperature (Figure S3) of the PCR are 12 cycles and 56.4 °C, respectively.…”

Recent advances in forensic biology and forensic DNA typing: INTERPOL review 2019–2022

“… Validation studies; concordance with GlobalFiler Harrel et al, 2021 [ 228 ] Investigator 24plex QS and GO! Assessment of sample quality metrics in both kits Jiang et al, 2021a [ 229 ] STRscan-17LC kit Validation studies (SWGDAM) Jiang et al, 2021b [ 230 ] Novel 8-dye STR multiplex Validation studies (SWGDAM); 18 STRs plus AMEL; detection with GA118-24B Genetic Analyzer Lenz et al, 2020 [ 231 ] VersaPlex 27PY system Developmental validation studies (SWGDAM); includes D6S1043 Li et al, 2021 [ 232 ] SureID S6 system Validation studies (SWGDAM); concordance with Huaxia Platinum kit; uses lyophilized reagents Liu et al, 2019 [ 233 ] 19 autosomal and 27 Y-STRs Validation studies (Chinese National Standard); 47 loci (Fusion 6C, GlobalFiler, Yfiler Plus) with 6-dyes Qu et al, 2019 [ 234 ] Microreader 20A ID system Developmental validation studies (SWGDAM) Qu et al, 2021 [ 235 ] Novel 6-dye, 31-plex Developmental validation studies (SWGDAM and Chinese National Standard); 29 STRs, AMEL, Y-InDel Wang et al, 2020a [ 236 ] 21plex with DYS391 and ABO Describes a 21plex with 18 autosomal STRs, ABO blood group locus, DYS391, and AMEL Wang et al, 2020b [ 237 ] Investigator 26plex QS kit Validation studies (SWGDAM); concordance with AGCU Expressmarker 22 kit Xie et al, 2020 [ 238 ] AGCU Expressmarker 16 + 22Y Developmental validation studies (SWGDAM) Xie et a...…”