In this paper, we first studied the action recognition method based on image texture features, established a human body model, and realized the extraction of skeletal data and joint calibration. Based on the skeleton information, the aerobic movements are recognized, the difference between the aerobics movement sequence and the standard movement sequence is calculated, and the movements are scored. Then, the database for aerobic movements was established, and an AI-assistant aerobics teaching model was developed. Finally, the effect of the teaching method was analyzed through indicators of recognition effect, skill impact, and students’ learning interests. The results show that the accuracy of the system’s action recognition reaches 95%, and the overall response time is between 5.2-6.4s, with high real-time performance. And it has a significant effect on students’ movement participation, active interest, and independent learning behavior, with p-values of 0.013, 0.041, and 0.036, respectively, p<0.05. This study promotes the development and innovation of aerobics, which can scientifically adjust training countermeasures and enhance the skill level of aerobics athletes.