Retrieval of three-dimensional small scale structures in upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric composition as measured by GLORIA

Kaufmann, Martín; Blank, J.; Guggenmoser, T.; Ungermann, Jörn; Engel, Andreas; Ern, Manfred; Friedl-Vallon, Felix; Gerber, D.; Grooß, Jens‐Uwe; Guenther, G.; Höpfner, Michael; Kleinert, Anne; Latzko, Thomas; Maucher, G.; Neubert, Tom; Nordmeyer, H.; Oelhaf, H.; Olschewski, F.; Orphal, J.; Preusse, Peter; Schläger, Hans; Schneider, H. A.; Schuettemeyer, Dirk; Stroh, F.; Suminska-Ebersoldt, O.; Vogel, Bärbel; Volk, C. M.; Woiwode, Wolfgang; Riese, Martin

doi:10.5194/amtd-7-4229-2014

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Using FAT, a cylindrical 3-D volume with a horizontal diameter of about 400 km and several kilometres in altitude can be reconstructed (Ungermann et al, 2011;Kaufmann et al, 2015;Krisch et al, 2017). In contrast, the 3-D volume, which is reconstructed using LAT, has a more complex structure with horizontal extent in the viewing direction of about 150 km (Ungermann et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the infrared limb-sounder GLORIA

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Three-dimensional measurements of gravity waves are required in order to quantify their directionresolved momentum fluxes and obtain a better understanding of their propagation characteristics. Such 3-D measurements of gravity waves in the lowermost stratosphere have been provided by the airborne Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) using full angle tomography. Closed flight patterns of sufficient size are needed to acquire the full set of angular measurements for full angle tomography. These take about 2 h and are not feasible everywhere due to scientific reasons or air traffic control restrictions. Hence, this paper investigates the usability of limited angle tomography for gravity wave research based on synthetic observations. Limited angle tomography uses only a limited set of angles for tomographic reconstruction and can be applied to linear flight patterns. A synthetic end-toend simulation has been performed to investigate the sensitivity of limited angle tomography to gravity waves with different wavelengths and orientations with respect to the flight path. For waves with wavefronts roughly perpendicular to the flight path, limited angle tomography and full angle tomography can derive wave parameters like wavelength, amplitude, and wave orientation with similar accuracy. For waves with a horizontal wavelength above 200 km and vertical wavelength above 3 km, the wavelengths can be retrieved with less than 10 % error, the amplitude with less than 20 % error, and the horizontal wave direction with an error below 10 • . This is confirmed by a comparison of results obtained from full angle tomography and limited angle tomography for real measurements taken on 25 January 2016 over Iceland. The reproduction quality of gravity wave parameters with limited angle tomography, however, depends strongly on the orientation of the waves with respect to the flight path. Thus, full angle tomography might be preferable in cases in which the orientation of the wave cannot be predicted or waves with different orientations exist in the same volume and thus the flight path cannot be adjusted accordingly. Also, for low-amplitude waves and short-scale waves full angle tomography has advantages due to its slightly higher resolution and accuracy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the infrared limb-sounder GLORIA

et al. 2018

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“…Figure 8 shows, in fact, the first three-dimensional tomographic observation of a small-scale filament of stratospheric air (enhanced HNO 3 values), which is surrounded by tropospheric air. A more detailed description of these tomographic measurements and quantitative retrieval results, including the achievable vertical and horizontal resolution and error estimates, is given in the accompanying publication of Kaufmann et al (2014). In the tomographic volume shown in Fig.…”

Section: First Tomographic Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) scientific objectives

Riese¹,

Oelhaf

Preusse³

et al. 2014

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) represents an important part of the climate system. Even small changes in the composition and dynamic structure of this region have significant radiative effects. Quantifying the underlying physical and chemical processes therefore represents a crucial task. Currently, there is a lack of UTLS observations with sufficient three-dimensional resolution. The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) aircraft instrument addresses this observational lack by providing observations of numerous trace constituents as well as temperature and cloud structures with an unprecedented combination of vertical resolution (up to 300 m) and horizontal resolution (about 30 km × 30 km). As a result, important scientific questions concerning stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the occurrence of subvisible cirrus clouds in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS), polar chemistry, and gravity wave processes can be addressed, as reviewed in this paper.

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“…The final data product is a column of 128 calibrated spectra per measurement and is fed into different retrieval codes (Ungermann et al, 2010;Woiwode et al, 2012;Kaufmann et al, 2014), depending on the scientific focus of the measurement. Figure 5 shows a sequence of CM spectra over the full spectral range measured by the instrument, and Fig.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrument concept of the imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) is an imaging limb emission sounder operating in the thermal infrared region. It is designed to provide measurements of the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere with high spatial and high spectral resolution. The instrument consists of an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer integrated into a gimbal. The assembly can be mounted in the belly pod of the German High Altitude and Long Range research aircraft (HALO) and in instrument bays of the Russian M55 Geophysica. Measurements are made in two distinct modes: the chemistry mode emphasises chemical analysis with high spectral resolution, and the dynamics mode focuses on dynamical processes of the atmosphere with very high spatial resolution. In addition, the instrument allows tomographic analyses of air volumes. The first measurement campaigns have shown compliance with key performance and operational requirements.

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Retrieval of three-dimensional small scale structures in upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric composition as measured by GLORIA

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the infrared limb-sounder GLORIA

Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the infrared limb-sounder GLORIA

Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) scientific objectives

Instrument concept of the imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA

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