Retrograde influences of SCG axotomy on uninjured preganglionic neurons

Gannon, Sean M.; Hawk, Kiel; Walsh, Brian F.; Coulibaly, Aminata P.; Isaacson, Lori G.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.04.014

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…ChAT, as a primary motor fascicles marker, is widely reported to be highly expressed in human facial motor neurons and rat facial motor neurons [ 38 , 39 ], with high concentrations in motor neurons in both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerve axons [ 40 , 41 ]. A key feature of motor neuron development and function is the expression of the acetylcholine biosynthetic enzyme, ChAT [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of sensory and motor nerve fascicles by immunofluorescence staining after peripheral nerve injury

Zhou

Qing

et al. 2021

J Transl Med

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Background Inappropriate matching of motor and sensory fibers after nerve repair or nerve grafting can lead to failure of nerve recovery. Identification of motor and sensory fibers is important for the development of new approaches that facilitate neural regeneration and the next generation of nerve signal-controlled neuro-prosthetic limbs with sensory feedback technology. Only a few methods have been reported to differentiate sensory and motor nerve fascicles, and the reliability of these techniques is unknown. Immunofluorescence staining is one of the most commonly used methods to distinguish sensory and motor nerve fibers, however, its accuracy remains unknown. Methods In this study, we aim to determine the efficacy of popular immunofluorescence markers for motor and sensory nerve fibers. We harvested the facial (primarily motor fascicles) and sural (primarily sensory fascicles) nerves in rats, and examined the immunofluorescent staining expressions of motor markers (choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), tyrosine kinase (TrkA)), and sensory markers [neurofilament protein 200 kDa (NF-200), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and Transient receptor potential vanillic acid subtype 1 (TRPV1)]. Three methods, including the average area percentage, the mean gray value, and the axon count, were used to quantify the positive expression of nerve markers in the immunofluorescence images. Results Our results suggest the mean gray value method is the most reliable method. The mean gray value of immunofluorescence in ChAT (63.0 ± 0.76%) and TRKA (47.6 ± 0.43%) on the motor fascicles was significantly higher than that on the sensory fascicles (ChAT: 49.2 ± 0.72%, P < 0.001; and TRKA: 29.1 ± 0.85%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the mean gray values of TRPV1 (51.5 ± 0.83%), NF-200 (61.5 ± 0.62%) and CGRP (37.7 ± 1.22%) on the motor fascicles were significantly lower than that on the sensory fascicles respectively (71.9 ± 2.32%, 69.3 ± 0.46%, and 54.3 ± 1.04%) (P < 0.001). The most accurate cutpoint occurred using CHAT/CRCP ratio, where a value of 0.855 had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity to identify motor and sensory nerve with an area under the ROC curve of 1.000 (P < 0.001). Conclusions A combination of ChAT and CGRP is suggested to distinguish motor and sensory nerve fibers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of sensory and motor nerve fascicles by immunofluorescence staining after peripheral nerve injury

Zhou

Qing

et al. 2021

J Transl Med

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Activated Microglia in the Rat Spinal Cord Following Peripheral Axon Injury Promote Glial and Neuronal Plasticity Which is Necessary for Long-Term Neuronal Survival

et al. 2020

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Understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment

Pless,

Ware,

Saggu

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affect up to 97% of AD patients, with an estimated 80% of current AD patients experiencing these symptoms. Common AD-associated NPS include depression, anxiety, agitation, aggression, and apathy. The severity of NPS in AD is typically linked to the disease’s progression and the extent of cognitive decline. Additionally, these symptoms are responsible for a significant increase in morbidity, mortality, caregiver burden, earlier nursing home placement, and greater healthcare expenditure. Despite their high prevalence and significant impact, there is a notable lack of clinical research on NPS in AD. In this article, we explore and analyze the prevalence, symptom manifestations, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment options of NPS associated with AD. Our literature review reveals that distinguishing and accurately diagnosing the NPS associated with AD remains a challenging task in clinical settings. It is often difficult to discern whether NPS are secondary to pathophysiological changes from AD or are comorbid psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, the availability of effective pharmaceutical interventions, as well as non-pharmacotherapies for NPS in AD, remains limited. By highlighting the advance and challenges in diagnosis and treatment of AD-associated NPS, we aspire to offer new insights into the complexity of identifying and treating these symptoms within the context of AD, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of NPS in AD.

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Retrograde influences of SCG axotomy on uninjured preganglionic neurons

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Identification of sensory and motor nerve fascicles by immunofluorescence staining after peripheral nerve injury

Identification of sensory and motor nerve fascicles by immunofluorescence staining after peripheral nerve injury

Activated Microglia in the Rat Spinal Cord Following Peripheral Axon Injury Promote Glial and Neuronal Plasticity Which is Necessary for Long-Term Neuronal Survival

Understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment

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