Retroniquia: estudio ecográfico y tratamiento quirúrgico de un caso

Retronychia a little‐known cause of paronychia: A report of two cases in adolescent patients

“…Other signs that may be present are yellowish discoloration of the nail plate, longitudinal nail over‐curvature, proximal nail plate elevation, granulation tissue, thickening of the nail, superficial leukonychia, subungual hematoma, and Beau's lines . Some patients presenting with bacterial superinfection have been described, but none showed bone involvement, as occurred in our first case.…”

“…Retronychia mainly affects the great toe unilaterally, but thumb or finger involvement and even bilateral retronychia have been reported . This condition is more common in young women, and the mean age at initial diagnosis is 25 years . The occurrence of retronychia in children and adolescents is much less common, with very few cases reported in the English literature.…”

Retronychia

“…This retrograde motion, probably caused by the development of traction forces generated by inflammation and scarring, is demonstrated as decreased distance between the origin of the nail plates and the distal interphalangeal joint in affected digits. 7 , 8 , 14 , 16 …”

“…Important sonographic criteria for diagnosing retronychia are the presence of more than 2 overlapping nail plates, decreased distance between the origin of the nail plates and the base of the distal phalanx (level of the distal interphalangeal joint compared with the contralateral digit), decreased echogenicity, and increased blood flow in the dermis of the posterior nail fold and proximal nail bed. 7 , 8 , 14 , 16 …”

“… 2 Less than 100 cases of retronychia have been reported in the literature. 1 - 16 Trauma or systemic illness are the most common precipitating events, causing disruption of longitudinal nail bed growth and vertical growth of the new plate into the proximal nail fold. The condition is associated with multiple generations of nail plate misalignment beneath the proximal nail.…”