Retrospect and Prospect for Lung Cancer in China: Clinical Advances of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Objective In the present investigation, we evaluated the effects of microRNA-365 (miR-365) on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell metastasis and invasion in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer. Methods Blood samples from patients with NSCLC and healthy controls and the A549 adenocarcinoma cell line were included in this study. Quantitative real-time PCR and microarray were performed on blood samples. The MTT assay, luciferase reporter assay, Transwell assay, ELISA, and western blot were performed to evaluate expression of associated factors. Results Expression of miR-365 was reduced in patients with bone metastasis of NSCLC. Downregulation of miR-365 promoted cell growth, metastasis, and invasion of NSCLC. Upregulation of miR-365 reduced cell growth, metastasis, and invasion of NSCLC. Downregulation of miR-365 induced expression of NKX homeobox-1 (NKX2-1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), and p-Akt proteins in an in vitro model of NSCLC. Inhibition of NKX2-1 reduced the effects of miR-365 on cell growth, metastasis, and invasion of NSCLC. Activation of EGFR reduced the effects of miR-365 on cell growth, metastasis, and invasion of NSCLC. Conclusions The study established that the serum miR-365 suppresses NSCLC cell metastasis and invasion in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer via EGFR/PI3K through NKX2-1.

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“…In addition, the Chinese government has listed lung cancer as a focus of future cancer prevention and treatment. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum microRNA-365 suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer metastasis and invasion in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer

et al. 2020

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“…EGFR-TKIs are more effective for patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer than platinum-based chemotherapy (8). Erlotinib as a kind of EGFR-TKIs, is clinically effective for the treatment of NSCLC (9). According to Korytowsky et al (10), there is no significant difference in efficacy between erlotinib and chemotherapy (docetaxel or pemetrexed) for patients with advanced NSCLC who have received platinum-based chemotherapy for no more than 4 cycles and have disease progression during or after chemotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of erlotinib combined with cisplatin on IL‑6 and IL‑12 in mice with Lewis lung cancer

et al. 2020

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Effect of erlotinib combined with cisplatin on tumor growth, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in mice with Lewis lung cancer (LLC) was investigated. Forty-four pure inbred SPF C57BL/6J mice were modeled for LLC and randomized into groups A, B, C and D (n=11 each group). Mice in group A were given normal saline, group B was given erlotinib, group C was given cisplatin injection and group D erlotinib combined with cisplatin. Tumor growth of the mice was observed and the tumor mass was measured. Serum IL-6 and IL-12 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 40 days later. At different time-points after medication, tumor volume in group D was significantly lower than that in groups A, B and C (P<0.05), and that in groups B and C was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between groups B and C (P>0.05). Tumor mass in groups B, C and D was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), and that in group D was significantly lower than that in groups B and C (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between groups B and C (P>0.05). Compared with groups B and C, mice in group D had significantly lower IL-6 level (P<0.05), but significantly higher IL-12 level (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-6 and IL-12 levels between groups B and C (P>0.05). In conclusion, erlotinib combined with cisplatin can inhibit the tumor growth of mice with LLC, and inhibition of IL-6 level and upregulation of IL-12 level may be one of its therapeutic mechanisms.

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“…Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and causes more cancer deaths per year than the next three cancers combined in China. Despite remarkable advances in targeted therapy, the morbidity and mortality of lung cancer still have not significantly improved worldwide (Lu, Yu & Yang, 2019; Wang et al, 2019). Statistics from GLOBOCAN 2012, produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), indicated that approximately 1.8 million new cases of and approximately 1.6 million deaths from lung cancer each year (Torre et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective clinical study of renin-angiotensin system blockers in lung cancer patients with hypertension

Wei

Zhou

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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PurposeRenin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs), which include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-2 receptor 1 blockers (ARBs), have been reported to be associated with lung cancer metastasis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Until now, very limited clinical data for RASBs’ diagnostic and prognostic effects has existed for lung cancer chemotherapy in Chinese patients.MethodsThere were a total of 678 lung cancer patients with hypertension, of which 461 (68%) were in the non-RASBs group and 217 (32%) were in the RASBs group. Patients’ gender, age, smoking status, histologic differentiation, tumor size, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage and progression-free survival (PFS) were retrospectively analyzed between these two groups. The clinical effects of ACEIs and ARBs in lung cancer patients were compared via t tests, and χ2 test, and potential prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in lymph node metastasis between the RASBs and non-RASBs groups. The RASBs group (62.8% vs 71.7%, p = 0.037) and ARBs group (60.0% vs 71.7%, p = 0.030) had lower lymph node metastasis, and patients with RASBs had a lower pathological stage than those in non-RASBs groups (67.1% vs 77.4%, p = 0.044 ). The PFS of the RASBs (10.7 vs. 6.7 months, p = 0.040) and ACEIs (12.9 vs 6.7 months, p = 0.021) groups were longer than that of the non-RASBs group, while no statistical difference was shown between the ACEIs and ARBs groups. Moreover, the significant results of PFS were further confirmed in pathological stage III–IV patients. In the non-RASB group, 55% of patients took calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and the ACEIs group have a significantly longer PFS compared to the non-CCBs group (6.4 vs 12.9 months, p = 0.036).ConclusionIn this study, we showed that the use of RASBs is a positive factor for pathological stage and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to actively evaluate medical history, especially the use of anti-hypertension medication, in patients with lung cancer and reflect medical history in the treatment and management plans of these patients.

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Retrospect and Prospect for Lung Cancer in China: Clinical Advances of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Serum microRNA-365 suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer metastasis and invasion in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer

Serum microRNA-365 suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer metastasis and invasion in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer

Effect of erlotinib combined with cisplatin on IL‑6 and IL‑12 in mice with Lewis lung cancer

Retrospective clinical study of renin-angiotensin system blockers in lung cancer patients with hypertension

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