2022
DOI: 10.1556/004.2022.00018
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Retrospective analysis of tracheal hypoplasia in brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic dogs: Inter- and intra-observer agreement of measurements

Abstract: This retrospective study was undertaken on the records of intraluminal diameter of the trachea in 185 dogs, in which hypoplasia of the trachea had been suspected. The relative size of the trachea was measured using the tracheal diameter (TD), thoracic inlet distance (TI), thoracic tracheal diameter (TT) and the width of the third rib (3R), expressed as ratios TD:TI and TT:3R. Thirty-five dogs were diagnosed as having tracheal hypoplasia. Bulldogs and non-bulldog brachycephalic dogs had significantly smaller me… Show more

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