Retrospective Clinical Analysis of Still Birth and Neonatal Deaths

Abstract

Aim was to evaluate clinical and associated risk factors for still births and neonatal deaths at tertiary health care centre. METHODS: A retrospective analytical study of new born at birth conducted at tertiary health care centre for three consecutive years. Demographic variables, status of new born at birth, NICU care and neonatal causes of death were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 1072,990,995 births for 2011, 2012, and 2013 year respectively Still births were 30, 36 and 41 and newborn deaths were 15,8,15 for three consecutive years. Mean age of mother was 25.35 yrs standard deviation 4.4. 82 % of still births were preterm. Maximum 67% of still births birth weight was less than 1.5 kg. NICU admission included 51% full term neonate, 44% preterm and 5% post term neonate. Maximum (51%) NICU admissions neonatal birth weight was less < 1.5 kg.79% of dead neonates were preterm. Life threatening congenital defects was seen in 26%. Cause of death birth asphyxia 37% hyaline membrane disease 15%. CONCLUSION: Statistically significant mean gestational age of baby with mother was 38.26 weeks (SD 2.260), NICU neonates 36.70 weeks (SD 3.3) and still births 31.34 weeks (SD 4.6). Maternal urinary tract infection, Hypertensive diseases, diabetes mellitus were major reasons for stillbirths. Neonatal mortality from 26% reduced to 8% with increasing birth weight. Major neonatal deaths are because of birth asphyxia, congenital defects. Low Birth Weight and prematurity were overlapping factor for neonatal death. Still birth rate was 35; perinatal mortality rate was 44/1000 live births. Early neonatal mortality rate & Total neonatal mortality rate was 12 /1000 live births each.