Retroviruses—Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus

Müeller, Nancy; Blattner, William A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0036-4_25

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…Familial aggregation of HTLV-I-seropositive individuals in high endemic areas (Japan, Caribbean and South America) have been reported in many studies [5,9,[16][17][18], raising the problem of the distinction between shared familial exposure factors and genetic factors. Furthermore, mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I occurs in only 10%-20% of the children born from infected mothers, despite a frequently similar exposure to HTLV-I infection [19,20].…”

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…HTLV-I is also transmitted by sexual intercourse, mainly from male to female [7][8][9]. This difference may account for the higher age-specific HTLV-I seroprevalence in women than in men [5]. The intravenous route of infection, either by needle sharing or by blood transfusion, appears to be the most efficient mode of transmission, with a 15%-60% risk of infection for those receiving HTLV-I-infected cellular blood products [10].…”

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HTLV-I antibody prevalence rates, based on strict diagnostic criteria (Western blot and/or specific immunofluorescence confirmation), may range from 0.01% to 15% among adults in general population [5]. Areas with HTLV-I seroprevalence 12% in adults include the southwestern islands of Japan, the Caribbean basin, parts of South America, tropical Africa, parts of the Middle East (Iran), and Melanesia [5] .…”

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They could be viral (e.g., infectious dose), environmental (e.g., age of infection), and/or genetic factors [5,[13][14][15].…”

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of a Major Gene Predisposing to Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection in Children among an Endemic Population of African Origin

Plancoulaine¹,

Gessain²,

Joubert³

et al. 2000

J INFECT DIS

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Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a human oncoretrovirus that causes an adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and a chronic neuromyelopathy. To investigate whether familial aggregation of HTLV-I infection (as determined by specific seropositive status) could be explained in part by genetic factors, we conducted a large genetic epidemiological survey in an HTLV-I-endemic population of African origin from French Guiana. All of the families in 2 villages were included, representing 83 pedigrees with 1638 subjects, of whom 165 (10.1%) were HTLV-I seropositive. The results of segregation analysis are consistent with the presence of a dominant major gene predisposing to HTLV-I infection, in addition to the expected familial correlations (mother-offspring, spouse-spouse) due to the virus transmission routes. Under this genetic model, approximately 1. 5% of the population is predicted to be highly predisposed to HTLV-I infection, and almost all seropositive children <10 years of age are genetic cases, whereas most HTLV-I seropositive adults are sporadic cases.

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Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They could be viral (e.g., infectious dose), environmental (e.g., age of infection), and/or genetic factors [5,[13][14][15].…”

Section: Detection Of a Major Gene Predisposing To Human T Lymphotropmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detection of a Major Gene Predisposing to Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection in Children among an Endemic Population of African Origin

Plancoulaine¹,

Gessain²,

Joubert³

et al. 2000

J INFECT DIS

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“…3 The most severe form is the acute form, which manifests as an aggressive T-cell leukemia with concomitant hypercalcemia, bone marrow involvement, generalized lymphadenopathy, skin lesions, and spleen and liver involvement. 4 Circulating leukemic cells in patients with ATL have a characteristic lobulated nuclear morphology and are most often CD2 ϩ , CD3 ϩ , CD4 ϩ , and CD8 Ϫ T cells. 1 HTLV-1 envelope protein (Env) is unique among retroviral envelope proteins in that when isolates from ATL or HAM/TSP patients are compared, there is a high degree of sequence conservation in the env region, with variability ranging from 1% to at most 8%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo analysis of replication and immunogenicity of proviral clones of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 with selective envelope surface-unit mutations

Silverman

Phipps

Montgomery

et al. 2005

Blood

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL). The HTLV-1 envelope gene exhibits limited variability when examined from infected individuals, but has not been tested using infectious clones of the virus in animal models. In vitro assays indicate that HTLV-1 envelope (Env) Ser75Ile, Asn95Asp, and Asn195Asp surface unit (SU) mutants are able to replicate in and immortalize lymphocytes. Herein, we examined the effects of these Env mutants in rabbits inoculated with HTLV-1 immortalized ACH.75, ACH.95, or ACH.195 cell lines (expressing full-length molecular clones with the SU mutations) or the ACH.1 cell line (expressing wild-type SU). All rabbits became infected, and the fidelity of the mutations was maintained throughout the 8-week study. However , SU point mutations resulted in decreased antibody responses to viral group-associated antigen (Gag) and Env antigens. ACH.195 rabbits had a selective decreased antibody response to SU, and one ACH.195 rabbit had an antibody response to both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 SUs. Some mutant inoculation groups had altered proviral loads. However, peripheral-blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proviral loads did not correlate with antibody responses. Our data are the first to demonstrate that mutations in critical determinants of HTLV-1 Env SU altered antibody responses and proviral loads, but do not prevent viral replication in vivo. (Blood. 2005;106:3602-3608) Introduction Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a complex retrovirus etiologically linked with adult T-cell leukemia/lym-phoma (ATL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paresis (HAM/TSP), and a variety of other immune-mediated disorders. 1 ATL is an aggressive T-cell leukemia that typically manifests in middle-aged to elderly patients who were originally infected with the virus neonatally during breastfeeding. 2 There are 4 clinically overlapping subsets of ATL. In order of decreasing prognostic survival time, these include smoldering, chronic, lym-phoma, and acute. 3 The most severe form is the acute form, which manifests as an aggressive T-cell leukemia with concomitant hypercalcemia, bone marrow involvement, generalized lymphad-enopathy, skin lesions, and spleen and liver involvement. 4 Circulating leukemic cells in patients with ATL have a characteristic lobulated nuclear morphology and are most often CD2 , CD3 , CD4 , and CD8 T cells. 1 HTLV-1 envelope protein (Env) is unique among retroviral envelope proteins in that when isolates from ATL or HAM/TSP patients are compared, there is a high degree of sequence conservation in the env region, with variability ranging from 1% to at most 8%. 5-10 HTLV-1 Env is a 488-amino-acid protein. It is synthesized as a polyprotein precursor (gp62), which is subsequently glycosy-lated and cleaved into 2 proteins, surface unit gp46 (SU) and transmembrane gp21 (TM). 11,12 SU is required for entry into the target cell by mediating specific attachment to a cellular receptor, which was recently reported to be the glucose...

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Human T-lymphotropic virus type-I infection, survival and cancer risk in southwestern Japan: a prospective cohort study

Arisawa

Sobue

Yoshimi

et al. 2003

Cancer Causes Control

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Retroviruses—Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus

Cited by 10 publications

References 213 publications

Detection of a Major Gene Predisposing to Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection in Children among an Endemic Population of African Origin

Detection of a Major Gene Predisposing to Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection in Children among an Endemic Population of African Origin

In vivo analysis of replication and immunogenicity of proviral clones of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 with selective envelope surface-unit mutations

Human T-lymphotropic virus type-I infection, survival and cancer risk in southwestern Japan: a prospective cohort study

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