Revegetation of steeplands in France and New Zealand: geomorphic and policy responses

Phillips, Chris; Rey, Freddy; Marden, Michael; Liébault, Frédéric

doi:10.1186/1179-5395-43-14

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Danjon et al 1999;Mulatya et al 2002;Docker and Hubble 2008), and thus the statistical power of many relationships are generally limited by small sample sizes. Nevertheless, such data, be they from replicated trials or from single tree observations, are necessary to both improve our general understanding of a species' performance and to develop, calibrate, and validate either conceptual or quantitative models that incorporate root information for use in predicting the effects of vegetation on slope stability (Ekanayake & Phillips 1999, 2002Schwarz et al 2010;Phillips et al 2011;Stokes et al 2014) and hence the effectiveness of revegetation policies (Phillips et al 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of “coarse” root development in young trees of nine exotic species from a New Zealand plot trial

Phillips

Marden

Lambie

2015

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Background: Forests and wide-spaced trees are used widely in New Zealand to control erosion from shallow landslides. Species that offer similar or better levels of protection to those currently used are sought to meet future needs. Determining what plants to use and when they become effective is important for developing guidelines and policy for land management. This study aimed to obtain data on above-and below-ground plant growth for young exotic tree species considered potential candidates for future 'erosion control forests'. Methods: The above-and below-ground growth of nine exotic tree species was assessed annually for 3 years from planting in a randomised block field trial. Whole trees were excavated and destructively sampled and several below-ground metrics (total root length of all roots > 1 mm in diameter, lateral root spread, total root biomass) assessed. Results: Differences between species for most metrics at the time of planting carried through to Year 3. The best performing species across most metrics was alder, followed by blackwood, cherry, and cypress. Allometric models relating total root length and below-ground biomass to root collar diameter were established. Conclusion: Top performers with regard to root metrics were alder, cherry, and cypress followed by blackwood, radiata, and redwood. Root information contributes to improving our understanding of how and when, and at what planting density, plants become effective for controlling erosion in New Zealand.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of “coarse” root development in young trees of nine exotic species from a New Zealand plot trial

Phillips

Marden

Lambie

2015

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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“…De nos jours, le recours au génie Introduction. Concilier la restauration des milieux et la prévention des inondations végétal pour contrôler ces types de risques naturels à l'aide de végétation herbacée et ligneuse reste un défi important dans les zones où des enjeux socio-économiques et écologiques existent (Phillips et al, 2013). Le recours au génie végétal nécessite une compréhension profonde des processus hydrologiques, écologiques et biophysiques en jeu sur le site concerné.…”

Section: ❚ ❚ Les Bénéfi Ces Multiples Du Génie Végétalunclassified

Restaurer les milieux et prévenir les inondations grâce au génie végétal

Rey¹

2018

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“…gullying, soil creep (Reid and Dunne, 2003). Their sediment production naturally fluctuates in time (Fryirs, 2013), depending on various factors such as climate and land-use changes (Gomez et al, 2003;Liébault et al, 2005;Comiti, 2012), particularly concerning vegetation cover (Phillips et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do we build check dams in Alpine streams? An historical perspective from the French experience

Piton

Carladous

Recking

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

126

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For more than 150 years, humans have tried to limit the geomorphic activity of mountain streams, and the related damage, using torrent control works. Check dams are likely the most emblematic civil engineering structures used in soil conservation programs. Modern mountain societies have inherited thousands of these structures built in upland gullies and streams. To help define their effectiveness and decisions concerning their maintenance or new project designs, a clear understanding of potential effects of check dams on river systems, i.e. their functions, is first needed. The next steps concern quantitative assessments of each function on the flood features and combination of all effects. The present understanding of these sometimes old structures' functions can be complicated because the societal and environmental contexts in which the original structures were built may have changed. To bridge this gap, this paper traces the purposes for which check dams were built, through a detailed analysis of French archives. We first analyze chronologically how each function was theorized and applied in the field. In the nineteenth century, engineers developed a thorough empirical and conceptual knowledge of mountain soil erosion, torrential geomorphology, and sediment transport processes as well as check dam interactions with these natural processes. The second part of this paper synthesizes conceptual descriptions of the check dams' functions, in the light of more than 150 years of experience, with their implication on the features of the structures. The French experience is compared to other countries' pioneering works. Finally, the next steps and remaining research challenges toward a comprehensive analysis of check dams' efficiency in torrent hazard mitigation are presented. This analysis is proposed to remind how, conceptually, check dams may influence geomorphic systems, bearing in mind the knowledge represented in pioneer guidelines and recent works on the subject.

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Revegetation of steeplands in France and New Zealand: geomorphic and policy responses

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Observations of “coarse” root development in young trees of nine exotic species from a New Zealand plot trial

Observations of “coarse” root development in young trees of nine exotic species from a New Zealand plot trial

Restaurer les milieux et prévenir les inondations grâce au génie végétal

Why do we build check dams in Alpine streams? An historical perspective from the French experience

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