Reversal potentials corresponding to mechanical stimulation and leakage current in Myxicola giant axons

Ganot, Gideon; Wong, Brendan S.; Binstock, L.; Ehrenstein, Gerald

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(81)90440-5

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These pressures correspond to a theoretical tissue displacement of up to 422 µm. Prior studies have shown mechanically stimulating a peripheral nerve axon can elicit an action potential with a deformation of only 10-60 µm (Julian and Goldman 1962, Ganot et al 1981, Galbraith et al 1993. These studies used unmyelinated axons which are easier to stimulate, but here we are deforming the nerve tissue orders of magnitude greater (Gross et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation via focused ultrasoundin vivo

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Focused ultrasound (FUS) has been employed on a wide range of clinical applications to safely and non-invasively achieve desired effects that have previously required invasive and lengthy procedures with conventional methods. Conventional electrical neuromodulation therapies that are applied to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are invasive and/or non-specific. Recently, focused ultrasound has demonstrated the ability to modulate the central nervous system and ex vivo peripheral neurons. Here, for the first time, noninvasive stimulation of the sciatic nerve eliciting a physiological response in vivo is demonstrated with FUS. FUS was applied on the sciatic nerve in mice with simultaneous electromyography (EMG) on the tibialis anterior muscle. EMG signals were detected during or directly after ultrasound stimulation along with observable muscle contraction of the hind limb. Transecting the sciatic nerve downstream of FUS stimulation eliminated EMG activity during FUS stimulation. Peak-to-peak EMG response amplitudes and latency were found to be comparable to conventional electrical stimulation methods. Histology along with behavioral and thermal testing did not indicate damage to the nerve or surrounding regions. The findings presented herein demonstrate that FUS can serve as a targeted, safe and non-invasive alternative to conventional peripheral nervous system stimulation to treat peripheral neuropathic diseases in the clinic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation via focused ultrasoundin vivo

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Local deformation of the lobster (Julian & Goldman, 1962) and Myxicola (Ganot, Wong, Binstock & Ehrenstein, 1981) giant axons produce a depolarization, while deformation of tissue-cultured fibroblasts can produce a hyperpolarization (Nelson, Peacock & Minna, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretch‐activated single ion channel currents in tissue‐cultured embryonic chick skeletal muscle.

Guharay¹,

Sachs²

1984

The Journal of Physiology

931

468

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. The membrane of tissue-cultured chick pectoral muscle contains an ionic channel which is activated by membrane stretch. Nicotinic channels and Ca2+_ activated K+ channels are not affected by stretch.2. In 150 mM-external K+ and 150 mM-internal Na+ the channel has a conductance of 70 pS, linear current-voltage relationship between -50 and -140 mV and a reversal potential of + 30 mV. (0) and three closed (C) states. The data can be fitted by the reaction scheme: C1-C2-C33-°O Only the rate constant that governs the C1-C2 transition (k1 2) is stretch-sensitive. None of the rates are voltage-sensitive.4. The rate constant k1,2 varies with the square of the tension as k1,2 = ko . eaT2, where a is a constant describing the sensitivity to stretch and T is the tension. A typical value of a is 0-08 (dyn cm-1)-2.5. Following exposure to cytochalasin B the channel becomes more sensitive to stretch. The stretch-sensitivity constant, a, increases from 0-08 to 2-4 (dyn cm-1)-2.6. The probability of the channel being open is strongly dependent upon the extracellular K+ concentration. With a suction of 2 cmHg the probability increases from 0 004 in normal saline (5 mM-K+) to 0-26 in 150 mM-K+.7. The channel appears to gather force from a large area of membrane (> 3 x 105 A2), probably by a cytochalasin-resistant cytoskeletal network.

show abstract

“…Such an ionic current could be all or part of what is called leakage current. Recent experiments in our laboratory have determined the reversal potential for leakage current in Myxico/a axons by blocking the sodium and potassium channels with drugs (Ganot et a/., 1981). The leakage reversal potential was found to be about equal to the reversal potential reported here for a mechanical stimulus of small amplitude.…”

Section: Mechanically Stimulated Changes In Membrane Conductancementioning

confidence: 47%

“…A more complete account can be found in the paper by Ganot et al (1981). When we applied a transverse mechanical stimulus by means of a plastic stylus driven by a loudspeaker, the axon became depolarized for several minutes.…”

Section: Mechanically Stimulated Changes In Membrane Conductancementioning

confidence: 99%