Reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a powerful tool for metabolic profiling of vegetables: Lactuca sativa as an example of its application

RP‐HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS based metabolic profiling of the potential Olea europaea by‐product “wood” and its comparison with leaf counterpart

“…Organic acids ( 4 – 8 ) were noticeably observed in both olive parts, represented by five compounds, whose fragmentation pattern and UV–vis spectra showed similar results with the literature (Gómez‐Romero et al, ; Abu‐Reidah et al, ; Quirantes‐Piné et al, ; Ammar et al, , ) (Table S1).…”

RP-HPLC–ESI–QTOF/MS2 based strategy for the comprehensive metabolite profiling of Sclerocarya birrea (marula) bark

“…and the structures of some of these isomeric compounds were elucidated as a starting point based on the prior data. In agreement with literature(Abu-Reidah et al, 2013a;Iswaldi et al, 2013;Gómez-Romero et al, 2010), a certain tendency in the elution order of the compounds related to their chemical-structure class was observed, appearing in the following order of increasing retention time (RT), and thus hydrophobicity: organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and other polyphenols, and fatty acid derivatives.…”

“…These molecules may naturally occur as components of vegetal lipids forming part of vegetal surfaces (Kurdyukov et al, 2006), but they are also metabolic products of fatty acids since they originate from them by oxidation (Ding et al, 2013). Dicarboxylic fatty acids corresponding to deprotonated molecules at m/z 187, 201, and 215 showed neutral loses of H 2 O, CO 2 , and H 2 O-CO 2 ; therefore they were tentatively assigned as nonanedioic (90), decanedioic (93), and undecanedioic (95) acids (Abu-Reidah et al, 2013a;Freire et al, 2002;Du et al, 2007). However, MS 2 analysis of hydroxylfatty acids corresponding to molecular ions at m/z 173, and 187 showed neutral loses of H 2 O-CO, and thus, they were tentatively characterized as hydroxynonanoic (91) and hydroxydecanoic (94) acids (Rebollido-Fernandez et al, 2012;Isidorov et al, 2009).…”

“…Furthermore, QTOF provides high selectivity in the extracted-ion chromatogram (EIC) mode when there are overlapping peaks, where spectrophotometric detection could be limited. Thus, HPLC coupled to highly sensitive and highresolution MS, such as QTOF, enables the separation and detection of minor compounds that could co-elute and be underestimated vs. major ions, with these not being identified or even detected by older methodologies (Abu-Reidah et al, 2013a). Our previous studies have demonstrated that RP-HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS 2 is well suited to the untargeted characterization of plant extracts, enabling a wide overview of their composition (Abu-Reidah et al, 2013b;Quirantes-Piné et al, 2013;Rodríguez-Pérez et al, 2013).…”

A Simultaneous Analytical Method to Profile Non-Volatile Components with Low Polarity Elucidating Differences Between Tobacco Leaves Using Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry Detection

“…Electron beam ionization (EI) in GC/MSD has been used a lot for comprehensive volatile components analysis (8, 9) due to its abundant spectrum library. Electrospray ionization (ESI) in LC/MSD has been applied to components with middle to high polarity and has become a popular interface for comprehensive analysis of peptides (24), lipids (25,26), polyphenols (27) and all such components (28). Compared to EI and ESI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) has still remained a rare interface due to its specificity in low polar components (21,29).…”