Reversible arrest of Chinese hamster cells in G1 by partial deprivation of leucine

Uptake of amino acids and thymidine during the first cell cycle of synchronized hamster cells

“…There was no significant cell death during this period and most of the cells divided when the growth medium was replenished with asparagine. Other workers have found that cells deprived of a few essential nutrients stay viable for long periods, in a state of suspended growth analogous to the stationary phase (Eagle, Piez, Fleischmann & Oyama, 1959;Tobey & Ley, 1971;Vaughan, Pawlowski & Forchammer, 1971 ;Everhart & Prescott, 1972). In several of these studies too, protein synthesis was found to continue in the deprived cells at a rate much lower than that obtained in exponentially growing cells.…”

Arginine deprivation in KB cells: I. Effect on cell cycle progress

“…A promising way to look at changes in normal cellular functions is to study changes in the progress of cells through the growth cycle. This approach has been used by a number of investigators, and considerable evidence has accumulated that deficiency of various essential amino acids tends to arrest cell growth in the G1 phase of the cell cycle (2,8,14,22,28).…”

Continued initiation of DNA synthesis in arginine-deprived Chinese hamster ovary cells.

“…More recently, a number of studies (1,5,19) have shown that cells often respond to essential amino acid limitation by entering a quiescent state in the cell cycle before DNA replication, i.e., that deficient cells become arrested during G1. It has been proposed (13) that control of cell proliferation, in the normal case, resides at a critical point, the "restriction" or R point, which occurs early in the cell cycle and which is sensitive to diverse suboptimal nutritional conditions including amino acid deficiencies as well as serum depletion, high cell density, and other factors.…”