Review: Markers and proxies to monitor ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants

Cheng, Long; Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Gonzalo; Meale, S. J.; Rugoho, Innocent; Jonker, Arjan; Khan, M. A.; Al-Marashdeh, Omar; Dewhurst, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100337

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Dietary supplementation of NCG altered ruminal fermentation, namely enhanced concentration of total VFA and acetic acid but lower NH 3 -N, which indicate enhanced ruminal N utilization. VFA can provide 75% of the energy for ruminants ( Cheng et al, 2021 ), and also play an important role in immunity and growth of ruminants ( Fan et al, 2020 ). The enhanced total VFA in NCG treatment was mainly because of increased molar proportion of acetic acid, suggesting a possibility increased fiber digestibility even though the nutrient digestibility were not determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on rumen fermentation parameters, and bacterial community diversity of Holstein dairy cows in Tibet

Zhu

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe Tibetan Plateau is characterized by low temperature and hypoxia. N-carbamylglutamic acid (NCG) can increase blood oxygen saturation, and have the potential to be used to prevent the high-altitude hypoxia stress state of cows. However, its beneficial effect on the rumen microbiota of Holstein dairy cows remains unclear.MethodsHence, the experiments 12 multiparous (parity ranged from 2 to 7) Holstein dairy cows (413.0 ± 42 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 6 replicates in each treatment: basal diet (CON, control group) and basal diet plus 20 g/d/cow of NCG (NCG, experiment group), respectively. To study the effects of dietary NCG supplementation on rumen microbiota of Holstein dairy cows in Tibet. The experiment lasted for 45 days, with 15 days of pre-feeding and 30 days of formal trail period.ResultsThe results showed that ruminal NH3-N concentration in NCG group was lower (p < 0.05) than that in the CON group, while molar proportion of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were increased (p < 0.05) with the addition of NCG. Microbial diversity increased (p < 0.05) in NCG group, with Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Patescibacteria as the most abundant phyla. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the potential function of ruminal bacteria was mainly enriched in metabolism (carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, energy, and nucleotides) and genetic information processing (replication, repair, and translation).ConclusionIn conclusion, NCG can improve rumen nitrogen utilization, total VFA and acetic acid production, and increase rumen microbial diversity, all of which could make the introduced Holstein dairy cows to better adapt to the harsh environment in Tibet and improve their production performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on rumen fermentation parameters, and bacterial community diversity of Holstein dairy cows in Tibet

Zhu

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The pattern of nutrient absorption shifts from glucose, fatty acids, and milk-derived amino acids to substances from both feed and microbial sources [35]. Rumen microorganisms ferment carbohydrates to produce VFA such acetate, propionate, and butyrate, all of which are used as energy sources in the ruminant body [86]. VFA and ketone bodies are considered the most reliable indicators of a completely functional rumen [35,80].…”

Section: Metabolic Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Metabolic, and Microbial Rumen Development in Goat Kids: A Review on the Challenges and Strategies of Early Weaning

Abdelsattar

Zhao

Saleem

et al. 2023

Animals

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The digestive system of newborn ruminant functions is similar to monogastric animals, and therefore milk flows into the abomasum instead of rumen for digestion. The rumen undergoes tremendous changes over time in terms of structure, function, and microbiome. These changes contribute to the smooth transition from the dependence on liquid diets to solid diets. Goat kids are usually separated at early ages from their dams in commercial intensive systems. The separation from dams minimizes the transfer of microbiota from dams to newborns. In this review, understanding how weaning times and methodologies could affect the normal development and growth of newborn goats may facilitate the development of new feeding strategies to control stress in further studies.

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“…The results of various total carbon emission accounting and forecasting show that the situation of emission reduction in China's livestock and poultry farming industry is serious. If no carbon reduction measures are taken, the growth rate of carbon emissions from livestock and poultry farming will continue to rise with the continuous development of the industry [24]. At present, researchers mainly provide emission reduction measures for carbon emissions from livestock and poultry farming by controlling emissions at source, controlling emission factors through scenario analysis, and terminal carbon neutral [25,26,27,28].…”

Section: Conclusion and Carbon Reduction Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of low carbon development strategies in the livestock and poultry industry from an international economic perspective

An¹

2023

Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research

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Climate change is a common concern worldwide. In order to avoid the deterioration of the earth's climate and ecosystem, there is an urgent need to explore measures to reduce carbon emissions. Livestock and poultry farming is an important source of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, and scientific assessment of carbon emissions in its production process is of great significance for the selection of emission reduction technologies and the development of low-carbon agriculture. This study introduces the relevant research progress of carbon emissions from livestock and poultry farming in China from 1997 to 2018 and introduces the measurement methods, spatial and temporal distribution, and emission reduction measures of carbon emissions from livestock and poultry farming. Hope to provide some new ideas for the relevant industries.

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Review: Markers and proxies to monitor ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants

Cited by 7 publications

References 104 publications

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on rumen fermentation parameters, and bacterial community diversity of Holstein dairy cows in Tibet

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on rumen fermentation parameters, and bacterial community diversity of Holstein dairy cows in Tibet

Physical, Metabolic, and Microbial Rumen Development in Goat Kids: A Review on the Challenges and Strategies of Early Weaning

Analysis of low carbon development strategies in the livestock and poultry industry from an international economic perspective

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