Review of candidate vaccines for the prevention of Lassa fever

Popova, Olga; Zubkova, O V; Ozharovskaia, Tatiana A.; Zrelkin, Denis I.; Voronina, Daria V.; Dolzhikova, Inna V.; Shcheblyakov, Dmitry V.; Naroditsky, Boris S.; Logunov, Denis Y.; Gintsburg, Alexander L.

doi:10.36233/0507-4088-33

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…The immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S complements recent reports describing the safety and immunogenicity of other COVID-19 vaccine candidates, including mRNA vaccines, [10][11][12][13] Ad vector-based vaccines, [14][15][16][17][18] and adjuvanted protein vaccines. 19 The mRNA-1273, 20 BNT162b2 mRNA, 21 and ChAdOx1 22 vaccines have recently shown robust protective efficacy in phase 3 clinical trials, raising the possibility that additional COVID-19 vaccine candidates may also prove safe and effective in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

Stephenson

Gars

Sadoff

et al. 2021

JAMA

288

270

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IMPORTANCE Control of the global COVID-19 pandemic will require the development and deployment of safe and effective vaccines. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) in humans, including the kinetics, magnitude, and phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Twenty-five participants were enrolled from July 29, 2020, to August 7, 2020, and the follow-up for this day 71 interim analysis was completed on October 3, 2020; follow-up to assess durability will continue for 2 years. This study was conducted at a single clinical site in Boston, Massachusetts, as part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical trial of Ad26.COV2.S. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive 1 or 2 intramuscular injections with 5 × 10 10 viral particles or 1 × 10 11 viral particles of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine or placebo administered on day 1 and day 57 (5 participants in each group). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Humoral immune responses included binding and neutralizing antibody responses at multiple time points following immunization. Cellular immune responses included immunospot-based and intracellular cytokine staining assays to measure T-cell responses. RESULTS Twenty-five participants were randomized (median age, 42; age range, 22-52; 52% women, 44% male, 4% undifferentiated), and all completed the trial through the day 71 interim end point. Binding and neutralizing antibodies emerged rapidly by day 8 after initial immunization in 90% and 25% of vaccine recipients, respectively. By day 57, binding and neutralizing antibodies were detected in 100% of vaccine recipients after a single immunization. On day 71, the geometric mean titers of spike-specific binding antibodies were 2432 to 5729 and the geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies were 242 to 449 in the vaccinated groups. A variety of antibody subclasses, Fc receptor binding properties, and antiviral functions were induced. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses were induced. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE In this phase 1 study, a single immunization with Ad26.COV2.S induced rapid binding and neutralization antibody responses as well as cellular immune responses. Two phase 3 clinical trials are currently underway to determine the efficacy of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

Stephenson

Gars

Sadoff

et al. 2021

JAMA

288

270

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Immunogenesis in Lassa fever and prospects for vaccine development

Markin

2023

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Analysis of literature data on the structure of the Lassa virus genome and its strain diversity has shown that the molecular heterogeneity of strains is essential in the design of vaccines and evaluation of their efficacy, which is determined by the relevant WHO recommendations. During virus reproduction, Lassa counteracts cellular immunogenesis by suppressing the expression of the suppressor of signaling proteins, cytokines and the RLR receptor that recognizes viral two-segmented RNA. The GP protein, which determines the pathogen's infectivity and tropism, should be the main target for vaccines being developed. Other targets are the processes of viral RNA synthesis that determine the features of immunogenesis. A study of the immunogenesis of Lassa fever shows that the preferred candidate would be a replicating apathogenic vaccine capable of inducing an optimal combination of cellular and humoral responses, that is, causing high activity of T-lymphocytes and the production of viral neutralizing antibodies. One of the most important characteristics of a live candidate vaccine should be genetic stability to exclude reversion to a more pathogenic genotype. Of the more than 130 candidate vaccines against Lassa fever designed, only two being the most promising were tested for immunogenicity and safety in humans (a recombinant on the measles virus platform and a DNA vaccine). A recombinant of Lassa virus with vesicular stomatitis virus and reassortants of Mopeya and Lassa viruses (MOPV/LASV- ML29) and (r3ML29) are promising for further development. A candidate vaccine rVSVG/LVGPC, similar in design to the rVSVG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine against Ebola, is promising.

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Review of candidate vaccines for the prevention of Lassa fever

Cited by 2 publications

References 58 publications

Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

Immunogenesis in Lassa fever and prospects for vaccine development

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