Employing Psidium guajava (P. guajava) extract from leaves, copper oxide nanoparticles
(CuO NPs), likewise referred to as cupric oxide and renowned for their
sustainable and harmless biogenesis, have the possibility of being
useful for the purification of pollutants as well as for medicinal
purposes. The current study examined the generated CuO NPs and their
physical qualities by using ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectroscopy.
The distinctive peak at 265 nm of the CuO NP production was originally
seen. Additionally, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation was conducted
to identify the crystalline arrangement of the produced CuO NPs, and
a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy examination was performed
to validate the functional compounds of the CuO NPs. Additionally,
the synthesized nanoparticles’ catalytic activities (wastewater
treatment) were analyzed in dark and sunlight modes. The catalytic
properties of CuO NPs in total darkness resulted in 64.21% discoloration,
whereas exposure to sunshine increased the nanomaterials′ catalyst
performance to 92.31%. By lowering Cr(VI), Ni, Pb, Co, and Cd in sewage
by proportions of 91.4, 80.8, 68.26, 73.25, and 72.4% accordingly,
the CuO NP demonstrated its effectiveness as a nanosorbent. Total
suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen
demand (COD), biological demand for oxygen (BOD), and conductance
were all successfully reduced by nanotreatment of tanning effluents,
with proportion reductions of 93.24, 88.62, 94.21, 87.5, and 98.3%,
correspondingly.