Review of CdO thin films

Chandiramouli, R.; Jeyaprakash, B.G.

doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2012.10.017

Cited by 151 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 105 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It shows promise for device applications due to its ability to achieve high n-type carrier concentrations (∼10 21 cm −3 ) and high electron mobilities (220 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ) [1][2][3]. It is also a promising candidate to alloy with ZnO to form Cd x Zn 1−x O, potentially achieving devices operating across the visible spectrum [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valence-band orbital character of CdO: A synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

N -type CdO is a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) which has promise in a number of areas including solar cell applications. In order to realize this potential a detailed knowledge of the electronic structure of the material is essential. In particular, standard density functional theory (DFT) methods struggle to accurately predict fundamental material properties such as the band gap. This is largely due to the underestimation of the Cd 4d binding energy, which results in a strong hybridization with the valence-band (VB) states. In order to test theoretical approaches, comparisons to experiment need to be made. Here, synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SR-PES) measurements are presented, and comparison with three theoretical approaches are made. In particular the position of the Cd 4d state is measured with hard x-ray PES, and the orbital character of the VB is probed by photon energy dependent measurements. It is found that LDA + U using a theoretical U value of 2.34 eV is very successful in predicting the position of the Cd 4d state. The VB photon energy dependence reveals the O 2p photoionization cross section is underestimated at higher photon energies, and that an orbital contribution from Cd 5p is underestimated by all the DFT approaches.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valence-band orbital character of CdO: A synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…the presence of small amount of Cu dopant should change the magnetic behaviour of CdO:Co, which was previously investigated by Ahmad et al [12]. The starting sample CdO:Cu:Co00 has pure paramagnetic (PM) behaviour at room temperature due to the presence of Co 2+ dopant ions, defeating the original diamagnetic (DM) behaviour of CdO [22]. The experimental value of the paramagnetic susceptibility χ p(mass) of the PM behaviour was 2.19 × 10 −6 cgs/g, which can be used to estimate the effective magnetic moment of the dopant Co 2+ ion.…”

Section: Magnetic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Cadmium oxide (CdO) as one of the transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) group was shown particular attention due to numerous applications it offers including in the field of optoelectronic devices, solar cells, smart windows and in other applications [1][2][3]. CdO has a good n-type electrical conduction as consequence of its intrinsic structural defects like oxygen vacancies (V O ) and cadmium interstitials (Cd i ) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annealing Conditions in Hydrogen Atmosphere on Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline CdO Codoped with Cu and Co Ions for DMS Applications

Dakhel

Bououdina

2014

J Supercond Nov Magn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cadmium oxide powder codoped with Cu and Co ions (Cd 0.94 Cu 0.01 Co 0.05 O) was synthesised by thermal co-decomposition of a mixture of cadmium acetate dihydrate, bis(acetylacetonato)copper(II) and bis(acetylacetonato)cobalt(II) complexes. The purpose of the present investigation is to study the effect of H 2 -annealing conditions on the evolution of structure, optical and magnetic properties by varying temperature (300, 350 and 400°C) and duration time (30 and 60 min). X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods confirm the purity and the formation of single nanocrystalline phase of the as-prepared powder; thus, both Cu and Co ions were incorporated into CdO lattice, forming solid solutions. Magnetic measurements reveal that the as-prepared solid solution (SS) gained paramagnetic (PM) properties, although pure CdO itself is considered as diamagnetic (DM). The measured effective magnetic moment of doped Co 2+ was 3.55 μ B . Interestingly, it was found that the hydrogenation process could transform the properties of the SS into room-temperature ferromagnetic (RT-FM) only. For example, the coercivity (H c ), remanence (M r ) and saturation magnetisation (M s ) were 279 Oe, 0.187 emu/g and 1.739 emu/g, respectively for SS annealed in H 2 gas at 350°C for 30 min. Thus, the possibility of producing CdO with RT-FM was proved, where the magnetic characteristics were tailored by doping and post treatment under H 2 gas, thereby a new potential candidate to be used as a dilute A. A. · Dakhel ( ) · M. Bououdina

show abstract

“…It is well known that pure, un-doped CdO shows diamagnetic (DM) behaviour at room temperature 19 . However, some Authors observed that structural defects (vacancies) in CdO could create weak ferromagnetism (FM) component overlapped with its major DM characteristics 20 .…”

Section: Magnetic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect-induced ferromagnetic properties of Tb-doped CdO synthesized via Cd Hydroxychloride: Effect of hydrogen post treatment

Dakhel

2016

Mat. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cadmium oxide powder doped with Tb ions was synthesised by thermal decomposition of cadmium Hydroxychloride Cd(OH)Cl. The molar content of Tb is 2.6%. The purpose of the present study is to tailoring room-temperature ferromagnetic (RT-FM) properties to CdO in order to use it in the field of dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS). The samples characterised by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical band gap of the prepared powders was determined by diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). Terbium ions doped in CdO are employed as source of FM properties. The electronic medium of Spin-Spin interaction in host CdO is studied by annealing in hydrogen atmosphere. Magnetic measurements reveal that Tb-doped CdO powder behaves as paramagnet defeating the intrinsic diamagnetic behaviour of CdO. However, after annealing in hydrogen atmosphere, RT-FM properties were created. Thus, it was proved that magnetic properties could be tailored by doping and post treatment under H 2 atmosphere.

show abstract

Review of CdO thin films

Cited by 151 publications

References 105 publications

Valence-band orbital character of CdO: A synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study

Valence-band orbital character of CdO: A synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study

Effect of Annealing Conditions in Hydrogen Atmosphere on Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline CdO Codoped with Cu and Co Ions for DMS Applications

Defect-induced ferromagnetic properties of Tb-doped CdO synthesized via Cd Hydroxychloride: Effect of hydrogen post treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About