Review of Electric Vehicle Converter Configurations, Control Schemes and Optimizations: Challenges and Suggestions

Lipu, Molla Shahadat Hossain; Faisal, Mohammad; Ansari, Shaheer; Hannan, M. A.; Karim, Tahia Fahrin; Ayob, Afida; Hussain, Aini; Miah, Md. Sazal; Saad, Mohamad Hanif Md

doi:10.3390/electronics10040477

Cited by 78 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…There are some DC-DC converters, such as a multi-stage integrated charging solution for EVs, which are more efficient than the one used, but the cost of the converter is very high [24,26]. Therefore, bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC converters, including conventional DC-DC converters, are common, with a low cost, high reliability, fast control, and a wide voltage range in two operating conditions [27]. These topologies are popularly used with continuous power supplies and hybrid electric cars, as they provide a high efficiency due to their high static voltage gains and low voltage stress in both boost and buck mode [24,27].…”

Section: The Associated Converters In the Electric Vehicle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

et al. 2022

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This paper deals with an energy management problem to ensure the best performance of the recharging tools used in electric vehicles. The main objective of this work is to find the optimal condition for controlling a hybrid recharging system by regrouping the photovoltaic cells and fuel cells. The photovoltaic and fuel cell systems were connected in parallel via two converters to feed either a lithium battery bank or the main traction motor. This combination of energy sources resulted in a hybrid recharging system. The mathematical model of the overall recharging system and the designed power management loop was developed, taking into account multiple aspects, including vehicle loading, the stepwise mathematical modelling of each component, and a detailed discussion of the required electronic equipment. Finally, a simplistic management loop was designed and implemented. Multiple case studies were simulated, statistical approaches were used to quantify the contribution of each recharging method, and the benefits of the combination of the two sources were evaluated. The energetic performance of an electric vehicle with the proposed hybrid recharging tool under various conditions, including static and dynamic modes, was simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink tool. The results suggest that despite the additional weight of PV panels, the combination of the PV and FC systems improves the vehicle’s energetic performance and provides a higher charging capacity instead of using an FC alone. A comparison with similar studies revealed that the proposed model has a higher efficiency. Finally, the benefits and drawbacks of each solution are discussed to emphasise the significance of the hybrid recharging system.

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Section: The Associated Converters In the Electric Vehicle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

et al. 2022

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“…The main advantages and drawbacks of these control algorithms are discussed in [22], [23], and [24]. Right now, the most common EV charging method is the CC-CV [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel MIMO Control for Interleaved Buck Converters in EV DC Fast Charging Applications

Ntogramatzidis

Cuoghi

Ricco

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol.

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This brief proposes a new multiple input multiple output (MIMO) control for off-board electric vehicle (EV) dc fast chargers. The proposed feedback matrix design avoids multiple tuning of controllers in multiple and interconnected loops while improving the performance of interleaved dc buck converters over classical PI/PID controls. The innovative features of the presented strategy are the reference current monotonic tracking from any initial state of charge with an arbitrarily fast settling time and the fast compensation of both load variations and imbalances among the legs. Numerical results validate the performance improvements of the proposed discrete-time MIMO algorithm for interleaved buck converters over classical PI/PID controls. Full-scale hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and scaled-down prototype experimental results prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposal.

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“…For proper management of different mediators, different controllers are employed according to their performances [11]. Power electronic converters ensure the power exchange between PEV and power grid, monitor the state of charge (SOC) and regulate the charging/discharging of battery that can enhance the battery life span [12]. Some practical studies combine DC/DC converter and PI controller for better power management between the AC power grid and PEV [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Performance Evaluation of ANFIS Controller-Based Bidirectional Power Management Scheme in Plug-In Electric Vehicles Integrated With Electric Grid

et al. 2021

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A bi-directional power exchange between the plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) and the AC electrical grid is necessary to perform the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) and Grid to Vehicle (G2V) operations. While performing these operations, different power converters and controllers play an important role as mediators between the PEV and electric grid. Various works have demonstrated the utilization of controllers for PEV's battery power management. However, the existing conventional controllers have technical shortcomings about vulnerability to controller gain, accurate mathematical modelling, poor adaptability, sluggish response to a sudden outburst and lengthy interval execution processing. Therefore, this paper develops an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) control strategy based bidirectional power management scheme to ensure the optimal electrical power flow exchange between the AC electric grid and battery storage system in PEVs. This paper aims to reduce the stress on the grid power side and utilize the unused power properly. The performance of the ANFIS model is varied using two PEVs based on real-life power consumptions by different loads at home based on five operational modes. Besides, a comparative analysis between the ANFIS controller and the PI controller is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. The results illustrate that the proposed ANFIS controller delivers a smoother power injection from the PEV to the AC power grid with the least harmonics as well as achieves a smoother battery profile and less distortion when power is absorbed by PEV battery.INDEX TERMS ANFIS controller, plug-in electric vehicle, bidirectional power, state of charge, PI controller.

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Review of Electric Vehicle Converter Configurations, Control Schemes and Optimizations: Challenges and Suggestions

Cited by 78 publications

References 179 publications

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

Power Management and Control of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery Energy Sources

A Novel MIMO Control for Interleaved Buck Converters in EV DC Fast Charging Applications

Modeling and Performance Evaluation of ANFIS Controller-Based Bidirectional Power Management Scheme in Plug-In Electric Vehicles Integrated With Electric Grid

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