Review of optical coherence tomography for intraocular tumors

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography of retinal tumors, such as retinoblastoma and astrocytic hamartoma, reveals full-thickness replacement of the retinal anatomic layers with the tumor and shadowing corresponding to the intralesional calcification. For all intraocular tumors, optical coherence tomography provides valuable information regarding the status of the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium and can be useful in ascertaining reasons for visual loss.

Protein S deficiency manifesting simultaneously as central retinal artery occlusion, oculomotor nerve palsy, and systemic arterial occlusive diseases

“…OCT features are also consistent with retinal astrocytic hamartoma. 8 We believe that sporadic retinal astrocytic hamartoma should now be included in the differential diagnosis of recurrent vitreous haemorrhage -sporadic cases can exhibit vasculopathic features.…”

Imaging of retinal and choroidal vascular tumours

“…40 These include macular oedema, retinal atrophy, retinal detachment and epi-or subretinal membrane formation, which are not as well demonstrated by indirect ophthalmoscopy and other imaging methods. Early identification and treatment of these effects may have a greater influence on visual outcome than treatment of the tumour itself.…”

“…It appears as an optically-dense, inner-retinal mass with posterior shadowing or thickening and disorganization of the retinal layers. 17,40,41 Fundus autofluorescence can provide additional information regarding the activity state and viability of the photoreceptor-RPE complex. Areas near exudative retinal changes usually show hyperfluorescence, whereas atrophic or permanently damaged retina appears hypofluorescent.…”

The highlights from experiences on Enhanced Depth Imaging-Optical Coherence Tomography

“…lipofuscin deposition, disruption in the external limiting membrane and the ellipsoid zone, irregularity in the layers including the inner plexiform and the ganglion cell. Additionally, in choroidal metastatic tumors, the differential findings from other pathologies in EDI-OCT are a plateau-shaped tumor with low internal reflectivity, ''shaggy photoreceptors'', and subretinal fluid with high-reflective speckles [61][62][63][64][65]. …”