Review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foods

Howard, John W; Fazio, Thomas

doi:10.1021/jf60163a025

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Among cooking methods, frying, grilling and barbecuing have been reported to produce these compounds. 74 These chemicals have been experimentally shown to be carcinogenic in animals when administered orally. 75 In addition to red meat, dairy products were also found to increase the risk of GC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of diet and other environmental factors in the causation of gastric cancer in Iran—A population based study

Pourfarzi

Whelan

Kaldor

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Cancer

127

107

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Despite a declining trend in the incidence of gastric cancer (GC), it is still a major global public health concern of the 21st century. The rates of GC reported from Ardabil Province, Iran, are among the highest in the world. To investigate risk factors for GC in Ardabil, we undertook a population-based case-control study. The study aimed to recruit all Ardabil residents newly diagnosed with GC in the time period of 2004-2005, and 2 controls per case. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Ten milliliters of blood was collected for blood grouping and investigating the presence of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori. During the study period, 217 people with GC and 394 controls were recruited. In multivariate analysis, diet and Helicobacter pylori infection (OR 5 2.41; 95% CI: 1.35-4.32) were found to be the factors that were most strongly related to GC. High intake of Allium vegetables (OR 5 0.35) and fruit, especially citrus fruit (OR 5 0.31) and consumption of fresh fish (OR 5 0.37) were significantly protective. On the other hand, consumption of red meat (OR 5 3.40) and dairy products (OR 5 2.28) were positively associated with the risk of GC. People who had a preference for higher salt intake (OR 5 3.10) and drinking strong and hot tea (OR 5 2.64 and 2.85, respectively) were at higher risk. In conclusion, Helicobacter pylori infection as measured by serum IgG as well as the consumption of red meat and dairy products increases the risk of GC in Ardabil, while the intake of fresh fruit and fresh fish decrease the risk. ' 2009 UICC

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of diet and other environmental factors in the causation of gastric cancer in Iran—A population based study

Pourfarzi

Whelan

Kaldor

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Cancer

127

107

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“…Some American, Canadian and European industries have been developing extensive liquid smoke line for fishes, mussels, crustaceans, meat, chicken and other sectors of food industries since 1960, summing up more than 40 patents. (Howard & Fazio, 1980;Schindler, 1994a;Schindler, 1994b;Guillén & Manzanos, 1997).…”

Section: Inroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix using natural smoke flavouring as coadjuvant

Gonçalves¹,

Prentice-Hernández

1999

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…PAHs are carcinogens that contaminate multiple environmental media including air, food, water, soil, and house dust, making exposure assessment through sampling of environmental media burdensome, logistically difficult, and expensive. In adults, research suggests that diet is the primary route of exposure (7,34). Similar studies characterizing children's dietary exposure are warranted, as a child's diet differs substantially from that of an adult and child diet studies have not been conducted (35).…”

Section: Application Of Biomarker Study Designs For Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to environmental exposure assessment in children.

Weaver

Buckley

Groopman

1998

Environ Health Perspect

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An improved understanding of the contribution made by environmental exposures to disease burden in children is essential, given current increasing rates of childhood illnesses such asthma and cancer. Children must be routinely included in environmental research. Exposure assessment, both external (e.g., air, water) and internal dose (e.g., biomarkers), is an integral component of such research. Biomarker measurement has some advantages that are unique in children. These include assessment of potentially increased absorption because of behaviors that differ from adults (i.e., hand-to-mouth activity); metabolite measurement, which can help identify age-related susceptibility differences; and improved assessment of dermal exposure, an important exposure route in children. Environmental exposure assessment in children will require adaption of techniques that are currently applied in adult studies as well as development of tools and validation of strategies that are unique for children. Designs that focus on parent-child study units provide adult comparison data and allow the parent to assist with more complex study designs. Use of equipment that is sized appropriately for children, such as small air pumps and badge monitors, is also important. When biomarkers are used, biologic specimens that can be obtained noninvasively are preferable. Although the current need is primarily for small focused studies to address specific questions and optimize research tools, the future will require establishment of large prospective cohorts. Urban children are an important study cohort because of relatively high morbidity observed in the urban environment. Finally, examples of completed or possible future studies utilizing these techniques are discussed for specific exposures such as benzene, environmental tobacco smoke, aflatoxin, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. -Environ Health Perspect 106(Suppl 3):827-832 (1998).

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Review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foods

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

The role of diet and other environmental factors in the causation of gastric cancer in Iran—A population based study

The role of diet and other environmental factors in the causation of gastric cancer in Iran—A population based study

Processing of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix using natural smoke flavouring as coadjuvant

Approaches to environmental exposure assessment in children.

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