Review of radar signal attenuation due to sand and dust storms

Alhuwaimel, Saad I.; Mishra, Amit Kumar; Inggs, Michael

doi:10.1109/iceaa.2012.6328793

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…iii) Mie scattering at MW and MM wave frequencies: When both air and solid particles are much smaller than the wavelengths of microwave signals (typically around 48 GHz, as indicated in [136]), Rayleigh scattering is a valid model. However, when particle size exceeds approximately 10% of the wavelength, especially at higher frequencies [29], the Rayleigh scattering model is no longer applicable.…”

Section: ) Single Particle Scattering: Spherical Shaped Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth and Martian Sand and Dust Storms: A Comprehensive Review of Attenuation Modelling and Measurements

Noreen,

Giannetti,

Lottici

2024

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sand and dust storms (SDS) are significant atmospheric phenomena that have a negative impact on wireless links operating at various frequencies. Specifically, sand and dust (SD) particles produce attenuation in propagating electromagnetic (EM) waves upon impact, which must be measured for the proper functioning of the fade mitigation strategy. The attenuation due to SDS can be reliably evaluated using specialized equipment. However, field experiments have been conducted in only a few locations and for a limited number of link geometries; therefore, the results are not immediately generalizable to all locations. Consequently, various attenuation models based on accessible meteorological data have been developed to provide sufficient inputs for system margin calculations under all environmental conditions. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of an extensive set of Earth SDS attenuation models that differ based on various particle characteristics in terrestrial and space communication. Furthermore, we discuss how variables such as humidity and surface charges carried by the particles are addressed in the literature. We also provide the results of various field studies conducted in many parts of the world under diverse conditions to directly measure the influence of SDS on wireless communication systems. Dust is also a significant meteorological factor in the Martian atmosphere, where it affects the efficiency of the wireless sensor networks used by NASA's Mars Exploration Project. We explore how attenuation has been extrapolated in the Martian atmosphere. Additionally, we discuss future research challenges in SDS.INDEX TERMS Attenuation, Mie Scattering, Rayleigh Model, Sand and dust storm (SDS), Satellite communication.

show abstract

Section: ) Single Particle Scattering: Spherical Shaped Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth and Martian Sand and Dust Storms: A Comprehensive Review of Attenuation Modelling and Measurements

Noreen,

Giannetti,

Lottici

2024

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both air molecules and aerosol particles are small compared to the operating wavelengths of MW radars (Jung et al., 2016); thus, the signal attenuation is expected to satisfy the Rayleigh approximation, which dictates the intensity decay is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength (Musa et al., 2014). The Rayleigh approximation is normally applied up to frequencies of 48 GHz (Alhuwaimel et al., 2012). Significant MW attenuation, well beyond what could be predicted, was observed in an Iraqi dust storm by Haddad et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nature, Amplitude and Control of Microwave Attenuation in the Atmosphere

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microwave (MW) attenuation plays a critical role in constructing communication networks. It also can be a useful tool in the meteorological and optical communities for radar and microwave imaging applications. Because most atmospheric constituents (large hydrometeors being an exception) are very small compared to MW wavelengths, data analysis is typically performed using conventional Rayleigh theory; however, some anomalous observations have proven difficult to explain. We present the results of the first systematic numerical computations over a wide range of aerosol properties. We demonstrate that it is possible to perform mass computations of aerosol loading, which is an important climate parameter. We show that discrepancies found between theoretical predictions and observations can be attributed to the effect of the expected charge acquired by the dust particles through contact electrification occurring in dust storms. While frequencies below 10 GHz normally allow for long‐distance signal transmission, the charge‐induced resonances in particles can preferentially amplify the low‐frequency MW attenuation by a factor of 10 or more, depending on their surface electric potential. In addition, we find electrically charged particles dispersed in a local atmosphere as a potential tool for the controlled manipulation of MW attenuation.

show abstract

Electromagnetic wave attenuation due to the charged particles in dust&sand (DUSA) storms

Dou

Xie

2017

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Review of radar signal attenuation due to sand and dust storms

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Earth and Martian Sand and Dust Storms: A Comprehensive Review of Attenuation Modelling and Measurements

Earth and Martian Sand and Dust Storms: A Comprehensive Review of Attenuation Modelling and Measurements

The Nature, Amplitude and Control of Microwave Attenuation in the Atmosphere

Electromagnetic wave attenuation due to the charged particles in dust&sand (DUSA) storms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About