Review of research works done on Tamra Bhasma [Incinerated Copper] at Institute for Post-Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar

Abstract

The metal, Tamra though mentioned in Ayurveda with a wide range of therapeutic utilities; is attributed with Ashta Maha Dosha. Hence, one should be cautious while using Tamra Bhasma. Considering the significance of Tamra in therapeutics, many studies have been carried out at different centers of India. Aim of the present study was to compile such available research works done on Tamra in the Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana (RS and BK), IPGT and RA, Jamnagar and provide brief information about pharmaceutical, analytical, and pharmacological studies. Total eleven studies on Tamra Bhasma, which revalidated the impact of classical guidelines, safety issues, and therapeutic utilities, were screened from PG Department of RS and BK, Institute for Post-Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar. All studies revealed that Tamra Bhasma is safe clinically, experimentally at Therapeutic Equivalent Dose (TED) levels as no toxic hazards were reported during the treatment period. In all aspects (pharmaceutical, pharmacological, and clinical) Somnathi Tamra Bhasma has proven to be better than Tamra Bhasma. The clinical efficacy of Tamra Bhasma has been evaluated in Shvasa, Kasa, Yakrit Pliha Vriddhi, Grahani, etc. conditions. Satisfactory responses with a decrease in the intensity of signs and symptoms were reported in all the studies. Though certain limitations were observed in these researches, the results can be considered as a lead for further well stratified studies covering larger population. No adverse effects were reported in any of these studies.

Tissue distribution of mercury and copper after Aarogyavardhini Vati treatment in rat model of CCl4 induced chronic hepatotoxicity

“…The finding is also in line with Chaudhari et al. [ 28 ]. who concluded that, when copper was processed as per ayurvedic texts to prepare Tamra Bhasma and subsequently consumed as per the ayurvedic texts, did not possess any toxic potential.…”

Synthesis and preliminary therapeutic evaluation of copper nanoparticles against diabetes mellitus and -induced micro- (renal) and macro-vascular (vascular endothelial and cardiovascular) abnormalities in rats

“…Intriguingly, the low-dose CuNP treatment averted the diabetes mellitus-induced myocardial lipid peroxidation as measured in the expression of diminution in cardiac TBARS. In fact, some studies suggest the anti-oxidant potential of copper 20,22,23 which might be a possible pathway of restoration of cardiac damages.…”

“…[16][17][18][19] Additionally, recent studies report a signicant anti-diabetic and cardio protective role of copper. [20][21][22][23] Furthermore, scientic literature has revealed the protective potential of copper to reduce the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and cardiac injury. [24][25][26] Since the previous reports reveal the anti-platelet effect of copper, 27,28 it also has additional benecial effects including anti-inammatory, [29][30][31] anti-proliferative 32,33 and antioxidant potential.…”

Anti-Microbial Study of Calcined Sliver (Rajata Bhasma)

“…2,9 This purely depends on media selected for incineration method adopted and the quantity of Rajata taken for incineration. 10 However the end point of all the experiments were determined by Bhasma Pareeksha. (Chief Desired Characteristics) RB was found to be black coloured smooth lusterless state due to transformation into compound form after incineration cycles.…”